SMALL, SUCKING BUGS INJURING THE LEAVES 311 
after a time the larva feeding within cuts out the infested area bodily 
and carries it to a twig or branch, where it uses it as a shelter until the 
following spring. There is one brood annually. 
A winter spraying with lime-sulphur solution or other strong con- 
tact insecticide will kill the overwintering form. 
The Four-lined Leaf-bug (Pecilocapsus lineatus Fab.) 
A sucking bug, about half an inch long, with four short black stripes 
on its back, sometimes injures the leaves of currants, gooseberries, or 
other plants by its feeding pune- 
tures. Spots where the bug has 
been feeding turn brown, and 
sink a little below the level of 
the leaf. In time the entire 
foliage, or that toward the tips 
of the twigs, may be killed. 
In early spring, when first 
hatched, the bugs are very 
small, bright red, and have no 
wings. They feed on only the 
tenderest terminal foliage. They become full grown in June, and 
the female lays eggs in slits cut in the stems of the food plants. In 
the North there is one generation, hibernation taking place in the 
egg stage; in the Southern states there may be a second brood. 
The young nymphs may be killed with a contact insecticide, such 
as 10 per cent kerosene emulsion. The adults are best destroved by 
brushing them from the plants into pans containing a film of kerosene. 
It is difficult or impossible to control the adults by spraying. 
Fic. 477.—The Four-lined Leaf-bug. 
Enlarged and natural size. Original. 
The Grape Leaf-hopper (Typhlocyba comes Say) 
Tiny, active insects suck the juices from grape leaves, making 
numerous very small white spots. If attack is severe, the leaves 
shrivel, turn brown, and die. 
The adult insect is one tenth of an inch long, light yellowish in 
color, with green markings on its wings. It has strong legs, jumps 
