PLANT-LICE INJURING LEAVES AND SHOOTS 3815 
spraying with a contact insecticide, such as tobacco extract, to kill 
the hibernating adults. To do this the bark should be scraped, and 
the spray applied very early in the spring. A second method consists 
in spraying with winter-strength lime sulphur to kill the eggs, ap- 
plying the material when the buds are swelling. Finally, a contact 
insecticide may be used to kill the nymphs, applying the spray when 
the blossoms are falling. Any one of these treatments, thoroughly 
applied, is effective. 
Plant Lice on Apple Foliage 
Three species of small, soft-bodied, sucking lice are commonly found 
infesting the foliage of apples: the Apple Aphis (Aphis pomi DeG.) ; 
the Rosy Apple Aphis 
(Aphis sorbi Wahl); and 
the European Grain Aphis 
(Stphocoryne avene Fab.). 
In addition to these the 
Clover Aphis (Aphis 
bakert Cowen) is some- 
times found on apple late 
in the fall and in the early 
spring. 
Infestation may first be 
observed on the young 
shoots which are found 
completely covered with 
very small, green or pink- 
ish lice. About this time, 
also, it may be noticed 
that many of the lice are 
clustering on the under 
sides of leaves near the 
ends of shoots, causing 
them to curl. Fig. 484.— Work of the Apple Aphis on ter- 
Again the first evidence minal shoot. Original. 
