342 PESTS OF ORCHARD AND SMALL FRUITS 
cutting out a small piece of a leaf. These cells break loose from the 
leaves after the latter fall. The moths emerge in the spring and lay 
eggs on the stems or fruit. 
The second brood of moths are 
out in July, and in the North 
there is a partial third brood in 
August. 
Thorough and timely spray- 
ing with arsenate of lead will 
control this pest. The first 
spray must be applied just be- 
fore blooming, the second just 
after, and the third when the 
berries are half grown. Soap may be added to the spray material to 
make it spread and stick to better advantage. If the vineyard is 
plowed in the fall, many of the overwintering pup will be buried 
or killed. 
Fic. 537. The Grape Berry Moth. En- 
larged and natural size. Original. 
The Raspberry Byturus (Byturus unicolor Say) 
The fruit of red raspberries sometimes is stunted by the work of 
this beetle and its grub. Occasionally the leaves are riddled by the 
feeding of the beetles. 
The adult beetle is one seventh 
inch long, and brownish in color. 
It appears in spring, feeds on the 
foliage, and eats into the flower 
buds. In midsummer the grubs 
are at work and will be found in 
the thick white base on which the 
berry is borne. The grub is one Fic. 538.—The Raspberry Byturus. 
fourth inch long, and marked across Adult. enlarged and natural size. 
each segment with brown. Infested pied 
berries ripen early and are dwarfed. The larva spends the winter 
in the soil. 
Control is best secured by spraying the foliage with arsenate of lead 
