$117. THE HELMINTHES. 125 
They send off two varicose Vasa deferentia to the posterior portion of 
the body, where, after uniting very probably with the neck of an odd 
elongated vesicle (Vesicula seminalis?), they are prolonged into a copula- 
tory organ. There are six pyriform bodies, which secrete a finely-granu- 
lar substance, and are attached behind the testicles to the Vusa deferentza. 
Their six excretory ducts successively unite, ending finally in two which 
open into the copulatory organ.© The penis is usually folded inward, but 
when projecting outwardly, it is a muscular, cup-shaped appendage, whose 
fossa receives the posterior portion of the body of the female during 
copulation.© 
The spermatic particles are developed after the usual mode; they are 
filiform and very active, and quickly die in water, interlooping and 
twisting together.© 
The very adhesive, viscous, yellowish-brown wax-like substance, often 
found about the vulva, is apparently the secretion of the pyriform bodies 
during copulation.® 
§ 117. 
With the Nematodes, the genital organs consist of a long, simple or 
partly double caecal tube, which winds around the straight intestine. 
In the female it has the following parts: Ovarium, Tuba Fallopii, 
Uterus, and Vagina; and in the male, Testes, Vas deferens, Vesicula 
seminalis, and Ductus ejaculatortus. 
With Trichosoma, Trichocephalus, and Sphaerularia, the genital tube is 
simple in the females, and usually so in the males. But in Filaria, Asca- 
ris, Strongylus, Spiroptera, Oxyuris, and Anguillula, the ovary, Fallopi- 
an tube, and uterus, are double.” In the females, the ovary is the poste- 
rior portion of this genital tube, and in its terminal portion are small round 
4 With Echinorhynchus strumosus, these two 
round testicles are side by side. Having always 
found the odd, long vesicle empty, I cannot decide 
whether or not it serves the function of a seminal 
vesicle. 
5 These six pyriform bodies were formerly taken, 
for seminal vesicles ; see Westrumb, de Helminth. 
Acanthocephalis, p. 55, Tab. IL. fig. 245; and 
Nitzsch, in Ersch and Gruber’s Encyclop. VII. 
1821, plate for the Acanthocephala, fig. 2, 3, i. 
With Echinorhynchus claviceps, I have found 
only one of these bodies. 
6The copulatory organ, which protruded has 
mostly an oblique direction, has been very exactly 
figured by Dujardin (Hist. d. Helm. p. 493, Pl. 
VII. fig. D, 1, D, 2). 
7 For the spermatic particles of the Acanthoce- 
phali, see my observations in Muller's Arch. 
1836, p. 232. 
8 This waxy sub incrusts sc the 
whole caudal extremity of females ; this is so with 
Echinorhynchus gigas, and globocaudatus ; see 
Cloquet (Anat. &c. &c. p. 100, Pl. VIII. fig. 
4, 5) and Nitzsch (Wiegmann’s Arch. 1837, I. 
p. 64. Ld . 
"1 For the simple genital tube with its various 
parts of the female of T'richocephalus dispar, see 
Mayer, Beitr. &c. Taf. Il. With Filaria rigida, 
* [§ 116, note 8.) For some further details on 
the genitalia of the Acanthocephali, see Blanchard 
(Ann. d. Sc. Nat. 1849, XII. p. 28), and Régne 
11* 
and Ascaris paucipara, I have found the female 
organs likewise simple. When these organs are 
double, either one uterus with its ovary and ovi- 
duct passes in front from the simple vagina, while 
the other passes behind, as is the case with Ascaris 
brevicaudata, nigrovenosa, Oxyuris vermicu- 
laris, Spiroptera anthuris, Strongylus auricu- 
faris, and striatus; or both pass side by side 
behind, as in Ascaris aucta, mystar, lumbri- 
coides (Cloquet, Anat. &c. Pl. I. fig. 2) and aus- 
culata. With Cucullanus elegans, and micro- 
cephalus (from the intestine of Emys lutaria), 
the uterus alone is double; one horn terminating 
posteriorly in a caecum without an ovary or Fallo- 
pian tube, while the other, which has these parts, 
passes in front. There are, moreover, species of 
Ascaris into whose vagina open three or four geni- 
,tal tubes. Thus with Ascaris microcephala, I 
have seen the uterus divide upon reaching the 
vagina into three tubes, each having an ovary and 
oviduct. According to Nathusius (Wiegmann’s 
Arch. 1837, I. p. 57), the uterus of Filaria labiata, 
which is at first simple, divides at its posterior ex- 
tremity into five tubes. 
The double uterus of Strongylus inflexus has, 
posteriorly, numerous constrictions, giving it a 
moniliform aspect. 
animal nouy. édit. Zoophytes, Pl. XXXV. fig. 3v, 
3c, 34, 8, 31). —Ep. 
