254 THE CEPHALOPHORA. $ 224. 
especially with the Nudibranchia, and Tectibranchia, there isa glandular 
apparatus which may perhaps be of this nature. 
With the terrestrial and aquatic Pulmonata, the lamellated kidney is quite 
distinct. In the species having a shell, it is of riband-like, or triangular form, 
and situated beside the heart and the large pulmonary vein. Its excretory 
duct arises from the anterior extremity and passes, first, backwards to the 
rectum, near the posterior corner of the gland, then turns and runs forwards 
terminating, finally, in the respiratory cavity near the anus.© With the 
Limacina, on the contrary, the kidney surrounds the pericardium like an 
annular collar, and its excretory duct opens near the respiratory orifice. 
I. Organs of peculiar Secretions. 
§ 224. 
Mention has already been made of the parts of the mantle which 
secrete the calcareous substance,” and further on, I shall speak of the dif. 
ferent glandular appendages attached to the genital organs. 
As to the other organs of particular secretions which are less common, I 
will mention the following : 
1. With those Apneusta which have cutaneous appendages, there is, in 
the dorsal and lateral lobes, a follicle whose excretory orifice opens at the 
extremity of the lobe, and which secretes a granular mucous substance, 
and peculiar corpuscles which resemble the nettling organs of certain 
Zoophytes. 
7 With Doris, there is found between the lobes 
of the liver a gland, which sends off backwards a 
long excretory duct which opens externally close by 
the anus and has sometimes near its extremity, a 
vesicular dilatation. This gland, formerly taken 
for a liver, is probably a urinary organ; see Cu- 
vier, loc. cit. p. 16, Pl. I. I.; Mecke/, Beitr. zur 
vergleich. Anat. I. Hft. 2, p.9, Taf. VI. fig. 3,1. 
and Delle Chiaje, Descriz. Il. p. 25, Tav. XLI. 
fig. 12, n. y. C. fig. 21. 
The orifice found with Thetis, directly behind 
the anus in the dorsal region, is also in communi- 
cation with a gland which may be regarded as a 
kidney ; see Cuvier, loc. cit. fig. 1,e. and Dedle 
Chiaje, Descriz. II. p. 35, Tav. XLVII. fig. 1, q., 
XLIX. fig. 3. Delle Chiaje (Ihid. Tav. XLII. fig. 
1,3) has seen with Tritonia, a similar gland 
opening into the rectum ; and with Gasteropteron 
(bid. p. 86, Tay. LIV. a.), another situated be- 
tween the base of the branchiae and the heart. 
The large triangular glandular mass, which, with 
Aplysia, is situated in the cutaneous fold envelop- 
ing the shell, and lies in tne space between the 
heart, the base of the branchiae and the anus, se- 
* [ § 223, note 7.] See, in reference to this gland 
with Doris, dider and Hancock, loc. cit. Part V. 
Pl. II. fig. 1, g. g. 
For the renal organs of Chiton, see Midden- 
dorff, loc. cit. p. 72, Taf. VI. fig. 1, N. and Taf. 
VII. fig. 5,N. They consist of a velvet-looking 
substance which stretches on each side of the body, 
over the tendinous mass of the ventral muscles, 
and join together horse-shoe-like on the anterior 
border of the posterior diaphragm. Their intimate 
cretes a large quantity of a red liquid; this also is 
probably a kidney ; see Cuvier, loc. cit. p. 11, Pl. 
IL. fig. 1, C. D. E. fig. 3, B. C. D., and Delle Chi- 
aje, Memor. II. p. 55, Tav. Il. fig. 2, r. t. 5, 6. 
With Vermetus, and Magilus, there is an analo- 
gous gland behind the branchiae. However, this 
renal apparatus of the branchiferous Gasteropoda 
demands a more careful investigation in both an 
histological and a chemical point of view.* 
5 See the figures of the kidney of Helix and 
Lymnaeus in Cuvier, loc. cit., and in Treviranus 
Beobacht. &c. Tab. VIII. fig. 58 ; see also Paasch, 
in Wiegmann’s Arch. 1843, 1. p. 78, and, De Gas- 
teropodum nonnullorum hermaphroditicorum, sys- 
tem. genit. et uropoético, Diss. Berol. 1842. 
9 See Cuvier, loc. cit. Pl. IL. fig. 8-10, and T're- 
viranus, Beobacht. Tab. IX. fig. 59 (Arion), and. 
Paasch, loc. cit. p. 82.¢ 
1 See § 203. 
2 See below, Chapter IX. 
3 These glandular follicles which, from spontane- 
ous contraction can empty their contents, commu- 
nicate, according to Quatrefages (Ann. d. Sc. Nat. 
XIX. p. 287, 291, Pl. XI. fig. 5, 6), with Eolidina, 
structure consists of arborescent digitations from a 
central canal. — Ep. 
{ [ § 223, note 9.] For the renal organ and its 
intimate structure with the terrestrial Gasteropoda, 
see Leidy, loc. cit. p. 239. See also for the differ- 
ent varieties of this organ with this order, De St. 
Simon (Jour. de Conchol. 1851, No. IV. p. 342), 
who speaks of itas La Glande praecordiale.—- 
Ep. 
