$ 227. THE CEPHALOPHORA. 259 
The testicular follicle and the deferent canal are lined with ciliated epithe- 
lium, which, however, is wanting in the ovarian follicle. 
The disposition of the various parts of the genital apparatus varies very 
tmuch according to the families and genera of these hermaphroditic Cephal- 
ophora. The two invaginated excretory ducts of the hermaphrodite gland 
either pass to the base of the uterus, or the Vas deferens leaves the Tuba 
Fallopii a little way from it, and passes in a tortuous course to the penis. 
In the first case, the Vas deferens leaves the Fallopian tube at the point 
where it enters the uterus, and continues its course on the sides of this 
organ, but as a semi-canal open upon its inner surface. 
In some genera, this semi-canal continues on along the vagina to the 
genital cloaca, while in others, it becomes a complete canal upon leaving 
the uterus, and passes, after a longer or shorter course, into the penis.” 
The Vas deferens has, at different points of its course, glandular or vesicular 
appendages, which sometimes contain sperm. These may be compared, on 
the one hand, to an Epididymis or Vesicula seminalis, and, on the other, to a 
Glandula prostata.” 
At the base of the uterus there is an Albumen-gland which is usually 
tongue-shaped, and sometimes very long, being rolled up and bound together 
by a cellular tissue so as to have a round form. The walls of this gland are 
composed wholly of cells filled with drops of albumen which is undoubt- 
edly used to envelop the eggs as they pass into the uterus.” 
ait. p. 64, Tab. I. II. fig. 5, 0. 8.). He regarded 
the testicular follicles containing spermatic par- 
ticles in various degrees of development, as so 
many Receptacula is; and he d 
to sustain this view, in erroneously supposing that 
the spermatic particles could be produced in the 
pouches of fecundation. As to the Heterobran- 
whia, H. Meckel (loc. cit.) has found this gland 
with the Nudibranchia (Doris, Tritonia, and 
Thetvs), the Inferobranchia (Diphyllidia), and 
the Tectibranchia (Aplysia, Bullaea, Doridium, 
Umbrelia, Pleurobranchaea, Gasteropteron). 
Kélliker (Denkschrift. loc. cit. p.40), beside confirm- 
ing the existence of this gland in the marine Gas- 
teropoda just mentioned, has also added the genera 
Notarchus and Pleurobranchus. In the separ- 
ated lobules of the ovary ofa T'ritonia figured by 
Sars (Wiegmann’s Arch. 1840, I. p. 197, Taf. V. 
fig. ¢.), there can be easily recognized the her- 
anaphrodite gland, such as has been represented 
with this animal by H. Meckel (loc. cit. Taf. XV. 
fig. 14). According to Kélliker (Rhodope nuovo 
gen. die Gasterop., in the Giornale dell’ Inst. Lomb. 
di Scienze, &c., XVI. Milano, 1847, fig. 2), the tes- 
ticular and ovarian follicles are grouped separately, 
the one above and the others below, 
4 This last case is found with Thetis, Doris, 
and Pleurobranchaea (H. Meckel, loc. cit. Taf. 
XV. fig. 1,2, 5). The Vas deferens pursues a 
similar course with the Apneusta, — at least with 
Flabellina, and Rhodope, according to the com- 
munication from Kélliker ; and, from Al/man’s 
Aioc. cit.) figure of that of 4ctaeon, itmay be con- 
cluded that it there leaves the tube very high up 
rand passes to the penis. 
5 Prevost was the first to point out this half- 
canal (Mém. de Genéve, &c., V. p. 123, Pl. I. fig. 
12, LI. fig. 3, and Ann. d. Sc. Nat. XXX.), 
*[§ 227, note 8.) This Prostate has been 
well developed by Leidy (loc. cit.) with the ter- 
restrial Gasteropoda. He regards it as belonging to 
the male apparatus, notwithstanding its close con- 
wection with the ovary, since, in Vaginulus, it emp- 
6 Aplysia, and perhaps also, Bullaea, Doridium, 
&c. (see H. Meckel, loc. cit. Taf. XV. fig. 7). 
With the Pteropoda, also, the Vas deferens does 
not Jeave the female canal, until it reaches the 
genital cloaca. 
7 The Pulmonata. 
8 With Helix pomatia, Aplysia camelus, 
Tritonia ascanii, and Diphyllidia lineata, 
there is a Vesicula seminalis at the point where 
the Vas deferens unites with the base of the uterus 
(HM. Meckel, loc. cit. Taf. XIV. fig. 8, d. XV. fig. 
7, d. 12, c. 16, c). It yet remains to be determined 
whether the dilatation upon the common excretory 
duct of the hermaphrodite gland with the Pteropo- 
da, belongs to the Vas deferens or to the Fallopian 
tube. In the first case it would represent an epi- 
didymis or a seminal vesicle ; in the second, perhaps 
an uterus ; sée Eschricht, loc. cit. Tab. III. fig. 25, 
r.* (Clio), and Van Beneden, Exerc. zoot. loc. cit. 
Pi. L. et. seq. (Cymbulia, Hyalea, &c.). This last- 
mentioned naturalist has simply, though errone- 
ously, called this dilatation a testicle. A glandular 
mass, similar to a prostate, surrounds the deferent 
canal shortly after it leaves the oviduct, with Thetis, 
Pleurobranchaea (H. Meckel, loc. cit. Taf. XV. 
tig. 1,h. 5, f.), Lymnaeus stagnalis (Treviranus, 
Zeitsch. f. Physiol. I. Tab. ITI. fig. 14, 5, or Paasch, 
in Wiegmann’s Arch. 1843, I. Taf. V. fig. 7, io, 
Bulimus  radiatus, and  Physa fontinalis 
(Paasch, Ibid. 1845, I. Taf. V. fig. 12 ni. 13, i.). 
According to Leuckart (Zur. Morphol. u. Anat. 
d. Geschlechtsorg., 1847, p. 128), the hermaphrodite 
gland of the Gasteropoda has a common excretory 
duct, and the eggs reach it by passing through the 
walls of the testicular follicles.* ' 
9 This albumen-gland which formerly has been 
taken, sometimes for a testicle, and sometimes for 
an ovary (see above), has lately been designated 
ties solely into the Vas deferens. {[t is composed 
of tortuous, tubular, simple follicles, lined with 
short, thick, pyramidal epithelia, which are 
densely granular, and a round, nucleolated 
nucleus. — Ep. 
