$§ 254, 255. THE CEPHALOPODA. 291 
§ 254. 
The existence of an Aquiferous system with the Cephalopoda cannot be 
doubted. It occupies the entire trunk of these animals, and terminates by 
two orifices between which lies the excretory duct of the ink-sac, and which 
are often situated upon a small tubular eminence of the peritoneum. Each 
of these orifices leads into a spacious, thin-walled cavity (lateral cell),® 
situated near the pericardium. It contains the two venae cavae with their 
appendages, and communicates, by orifices and canals, with other aquiferous 
cells surrounding the various viscera, — such as the stomach and the caecum, 
as well as with the two so-called branchial hearts. These cells send a 
canal to the special genital glands. 
With Nautilus, there are, on each side, in the abdominal peritoneum, 
three orifices, through which the water of the cavity of the mantle enters 
into the lateral cavities.” There is another system of aquiferous canals 
under the skin of the head and neck. It consists of several large reservoirs 
which extend somewhat deeply between the organs of this portion of the 
body. These reservoirs communicate externally by orifices situated upon 
different points of the head. 
CHAPTER IX. 
ORGANS OF SECRETION. 
: LL Urinary Organs. 
§ 255. 
The Urinary organs of the Cephalopoda, which have hitherto been much 
doubted, are particular appendages of the Venae cavae. 
With all the 
species having two branchiae, the two Venae cavae, formed by the division 
of the great median sinus, and which extend obliquely through the two lat- 
1 For this aquiferous system, see D’Orbigny, 
in Férussac, loc. cit. Introduct. p. 20, Ouvertures, 
aquiféres, and Delle Chiaje, Beseriz, I. p. 53, 
Apparato-acquoso o idro-pneumatico. Both of 
these naturalists have included in this system the 
dachrymal openings and the space circumscribed by 
the ocular capsules. 
2 See Swammerdamm, loc. cit. p. 354, Taf. LI. 
fig. 1,q.q, and Taf. LI. fig. 10, g. ‘3 Brandt, 
Mediz. zool. IL. p. 308, Taf. XXXIL fi g. 1, 24,i.1 
(Sepia) ; Cuvier, Mem. p. 15, Pl. I. fig. Lr Yr, and 
Mayer, Analekt. &c. p. 54, Taf. V. fig. 1. 7b. Ue 
(Octopus) ; Savigny, loc. cit. PL. I. fig. 12, 31: g.g¢ 
{Octopus and Sepia), and Férussac, ‘loc. cit. (Oc- 
topus), Pl. XII. fig. 1. Pl. XIII. fig. 2, Pi. XIV. 
fig. 1, f.fr.r. See also Krohn, in Muller's Arch. 
1839, p. 353. 
8 Delle Chiaje, Descriz. Tav. XV. fig. 1. q. 
(Tremoctopus). 
4 Owen, On the Nautilus, p. 32, or Isis, p. 27, or 
Anon. d. Sc. Nat. p. 127, and Valenciennes, loc. 
cit. p. 285, Pl X. fig. 1, 2. 
5 With Tremoctopus violaceus, there are four 
very distinct Foramina aquifera. Two of these 
are situated at the superior part of the head behind 
the base of the superior arms, and the other two on 
the sides of the funnel (Ded/e Chiaje, loc. cit. Tav. 
LXXI. (11) fig. 10, p., Férussac, loc. cit. p. 92, 
Octopus, Pl. XVIII. XIX. fig.1). With Octopus 
tuberculatus, there are only these last two open- 
ings (Delle Chiaje, loc. cit. Tav. LV. (3), fig. 1, d. 
d.; Wagner, in Heusinger’s Zeitsch. f. d. organ, 
Physik. III. p. 227, Taf. XII. fig. 1, and Férussac. 
loc. cit. p. 88, Octopus, Pl. VI. fig. 2). 
It is the same also with Grimes todarus 
(Ferussac loc. cit. Ommastrephes, Pl. IL. fig. 3, 
10). With Octopus indicus, there are eight small 
aquiferous orifices between the arms near the mouth 
(Ferussac, loc. cit. p. 25, Octopus, Pl. XXVI. fig. 
1). According to D’Orbigny, there are only six, 
in the same situation with Sepia, Loligo, Onycho- 
teuthis, &c. 
