78 TEETH. 
afterward. Feed on thick gruel and wash out the mouth with the lotion. 
A horse with half a tongue will manage to eat and drink, but some food 
is spilt and some left in the manger. Constant dribbling of saliva is 
the chief consequence of such an injury. This is unpleasant, and arises 
from deglutition being injured. A horse which has had the tongue 
lacerated only, but not divided, forever retains the evidence of the in- 
jury; and as the food is apt to accumulate at the point of union, the 
animal ever after demands attention subsequent to every meal. 
TEETH. 
No fact is more discreditable to humanity than the small attention it 
has wasted upon the beautiful lives entrusted to its charge. Mortal 
pride asserts these creatures are given man for his use. Yes. But is 
the full use obtained? Are not the lives sacrificed? The horse has 
been the partner of mankind from the earliest period. For centuries at 
least the animal has been watched throughout the day; yet, even at this 
time, equine disorders are only beginning to be understood. Does this 
fact denote that care which such a charge demanded ? 
Cutting the permanent teeth seems, in the horse, to be effected at 
some expense to the system; it was a favorite custom with the farriers 
of the last century to trace numerous affections to the teething of the 
animal. Further inquiries have proved our grandfathers knew positively 
nothing about those growths, concerning which they assumed so much. 
The late W. Percivall traced sickness in the horse to irritation, arising 
from cutting of the tushes; there, however, our knowledge ends. Vet- 
erinarians have not, as a rule, either leisure or the necessary power to 
observe those animals it is their province to treat; they generally are 
but passing visitors to the stables into which they are called. Those 
who have studs of horses nominally placed under their charge feel they 
are retained not to watch, but to physic the animals to which the groom 
directs their attention. 
The tushes of the upper jaw may, however, be fully up, and yet not 
have appeared in the mouth; this fact is easily explained. The advent 
of the tushes provoked acute inflammation of the membrane covering the 
jaw. The horse was cured of the attendant constitutional symptoms, 
but the cause of the disorder was mistaken. The acute inflammation 
changed into chronic irritation. The membrane, which in the first in- 
stance should have been lanced, thickened and imprisoned the tush 
beneath it; an incision is even now the only remedy, and should in- 
stantly be made. 
Neither tushes nor incisors are known to be exposed to other accidents ; 
it is, however, different with the molar teeth. These teeth consist of 
