COUGH. 99 
balling iron into the mouth. Insert the sponge through the iron, and 
having pushed it down to the back of the tongue, rapidly press it against 
the side of the cavity. Be prepared for what you are about to do, and 
do it quickly. The operation stops the breathing, and calls forth the 
resistance which is natural to impending suffocation. 
The horse being released, give the following ball. in addition to the 
stout, twice each day :— 
Powdered oak bark and treacle, a sufficiency of each to form a mass. 
If none of these measures are successful, the sore throat must be the 
symptom only of some greater disorder, and all local remedies, in that 
case, must be ingulfed in the general treatment. However, it is not 
every measure which will cure every sore throat. In young horses, when 
first taken from the pure air into the contaminated atmosphere of most 
stables, such affections are common; but in old animals they are gen- 
erally most severe. It is a usual plan to turn a horse out to grass 
when afflicted with obstinate sore throat: this is cruel. The animal, 
whose labor we enjoyed during its health, has a positive claim on us 
for kindness and for care when overtaken by disease. Moreover, those 
who laugh at the above may become serious, when they are informed 
that animals turned to grass for sore throat are not unfrequently taken 
up virulently glandered. So closely are moral duty and self-interest 
associated, when the operation of both is rightly considered. 
COUGH. 
Cough is too often caused by unhealthy lodging. Few stables are 
perfectly drained and ventilated; the very great majority are close with 
impurity. No surprise, then, need be exhibited, if the entrance to the 
air-passages should display disease, when an animal, so naturally cleanly, 
is imprisoned in the space man is too thoughtless to keep uncontaminated. 
The larynx is the seat of cough, when the affection exists by itself, 
although the annoyance is often a symptom of some other derangement, 
and may then spring from laryngeal sympathy with some comparatively 
remote organ. It may arise from a very trivial cause, as teething; or 
it may be a sign attendant on the worst of disorders, as farcy and 
glanders. Broken wind, roaring, laryngitis, bronchitis, chronic diseases 
of the lungs, stomach, bowels, worms, etc. etc., all are attended by 
cough, which is more frequently present as a symptom than as a disease. 
Hot stables, coarse and dusty provender, rank bedding, and irregular 
work, are the general provocatives of cough, as a distinct affection. 
The name is evidently derived from the noise which constitutes the 
chief symptom of the disorder. Cough consists in spasm of all the 
