HEMATURIA. 215 
of water. This is an easy and by no means a dangerous operation. 
Any person of ordinary skill having a sharp knife may undertake it. 
For renal calculus little can be done. That little, however, consists 
in mingling two drachms of hydrochlorie acid with every pail of water, 
and allowing the animal to imbibe as much as it pleases. Should the 
medicated drink be refused, the horse must be starved into accepting it. 
With this liquid, however, the stone must be small to be dissolved; but 
it effectually checks the further increase of the calculus. 
Lithotomy is the name given to that operation by which large stones 
are removed from the bladder of the horse. It is far too complicated 
and too serious a proceeding to be entrusted to any general reader. No 
direction which possibly could be misconstrued shall, therefore, be at- 
tempted. When an operation is required for stone in the bladder, a 
qualified veterinary surgeon had better be employed. Mr. Simmonds, 
of the Royal Veterinary College, Camden Town, however, deserves 
praise for having invented an instrument by means of which stone can 
generally be removed from the bladder of the mare without resort to 
the knife being necessary. 
HEMATURIA, OR BLOODY URINE. 
The name fully characterizes this affection. The blood emitted may 
consist of small clots; it may congeal after it has left the body; or it 
may be entirely mingled with—giving a brownish tinge to—the water. 
Upon the exhibition of 
this disorder, always treat 
the symptoms first; when 
all chance of immediate 
danger has disappeared, 
examine the body to as- 
certain whence the hemor- 
rhage proceeded, because 
in this affection the symp- 
toms really constitute the 
disease; and when the 
first has disappeared, the 
last is cured. 
The extent of the bleeding, of course, regulates the symptoms. When 
that is copious, the breathing is short and quick; the pupils of the eye 
are dilated; the pulse is not to be felt at the jaw; the head is pendu- 
lous; and the visible mucous membranes are cold as well as pallid. 
Lifting the head produces staggering; if continued, the animal would 
A HORSE SUFFERING FROM HEMATURIA, OR BLOODY URINE. 
