472 ALPHABETICAL SUMMARY. 
BROKEN WIND. 
Causes.—Old age, prolonged work, and had food. 
Symptoms.—Short, dry, hacking cough, caused by irritability of the 
larynx; ravenous appetite; insatiable thirst; abundant flatus. Dung 
half digested; belly pendulous; coat ragged; aspect dejected. Res- 
piration is performed by a triple effort; inspiration is spasmodic and 
single; expiration is labored and double. The ribs first essay to expel 
the air from the lungs; these failing, the diaphragm and abdominal mus- 
cles take up the action. Broken wind can be set or concealed for a time 
by forcing the animal to swallow quantities of grease, tar, or shot. A 
drink of water, however, will always reproduce the symptoms. 
Treatment.—No cure. Relief alone is possible. Never give water 
before work. Four half pails of water to be allowed in twenty-four 
hours. In each draught mingle half an ounce of phosphoric acid or half 
a drachm of sulphuric acid. Remove the bed in the day; muzzle at 
night; put a lump of rock-salt and of chalk in the manger. Never push 
hard or take upon a very long journey. 
BRONCHITIS. 
Causes.—Riding far and fast; then leaving exposed, especially to the 
night air; neglect and constitutional liability. 
Symptoms.—Appetite often uot affected; sometimes it is increased. 
A short cough, in the first instance; breathing only excited; legs warm; 
mouth moist; and nasal membrane merely deeper color during the early 
stage. When confirmed, the appetite is lost; the horse is averse to 
move; the cough is sore and suppressed; the breathing is audible; the 
membranes are scarlet; the mouth is hot and dry; the legs are cold; 
the body is of uneven temperatures. 
Treatment.—Do not deplete. Place in a large, loose box; fill the 
place with steam; apply scalded hay to the throat; fix flannels wet with 
cold water to the back and side by means of a Mackintosh jacket. When 
the flannel becomes warm, change it immediately. Do this for two 
hours. After that space the flannel may remain on, but must not become 
dry. Prepare half a pound of melted Burgundy pitch, and stir into it 
two ounces of powdered camphor, with half a drachm of powdered cap- 
sicums. Apply the mixture to the throat. To restore tone to the pulse, 
give, every half hour, sulphuric ether and laudanum, of each one ounce; 
water, one pint. If no effect be produced by three of these drinks, sub- 
stitute infusion of aconite, half an ounce; extract of belladonna, half a 
