ALPHABETICAL SUMMARY. 497 
another blood-letting, if necessary, and scruple doses of tobacco; half- 
drachm doses of aconite root; or drachm doses of digitalis—whichever 
is soonest obtained. But whichever is procured must be infused in a 
pint of boiling water, and, when cool and strained, it ought to be given 
every half hour till the animal becomes quiet. But the probable result 
is by no means cheering, even if death is by these means avoided. 
PLEURISY. 
Causes.—Over-exertion ; blows; injuries; cold. 
Symptoms. —These are quickly developed. The pulse strikes the 
finger; pain continuous; agony never ceases; horse does not feed. 
Body hot; feet cold; partial perspirations. Muscles corrugated in 
places; cough, when present, suppressed and dry; auscultation detects 
a grating sound and a dull murmur at the chest. Pressure between the 
ribs produces great pain or makes the animal resentful. The head is 
turned very often toward the side; the fore foot paws; the breathing is 
short and jerking. 
Treatment.—Should be active. Bleed, to ease the horse; place in a 
loose box; bandage the legs; leave the body unclothed. Give, every 
quarter of an hour, a scruple of tincture of aconite in a wineglass of 
warm water. When pulse has softened, give, every second hour, sulphuric 
ether and laudanum, of each one ounce; water, half a pint. Do not 
bleed a second time. When the pulse and pain are amended, introduce 
the steaming apparatus. Do nothing for the bowels. Place luke-warm 
water within easy reach of the head, and give nothing more while the 
disease rages. When the disease departs, return with caution to full 
food. After the affection subsides, blister throat and chest. If the 
horse is costive, administer enemas; or a bundle of cut grass may be 
presented with the other food. 
PNEUMONIA. 
Causes.+-Fat; irregular work; and sudden exertion. 
Symptoms.—Breathing labored; oppressed pulse; partial conscious- 
ness; giddiness. Standing with outstretched legs; head and ears de- 
jected; coat rough; extremities and body cold; visible membranes 
discolored ; bowels costive; feeling half dead; and general oppression. 
Treatment.—Bleed but once; take only blood sufficient to restore 
consciousness ; do not attempt to obtain blood, if the liquid flows black 
and thick. Place in a loose box strown with damp tan; take off the 
shoes; place water within easy reach; no food. If winter, clothe; then 
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