ALPHABETICAL SUMMARY. 505 
der. Give, by the mouth, four ounce doses of sulphuric ether and of 
laudanum mixed with a quart of cold water, and, as injection, mixed 
with three pints of cold water. Repeat these medicines every quarter 
of an hour until relieved. If no physic be at hand, open both jugular 
veins, and allow the blood to flow until the horse falls. Should not the 
urine then flow forth, insert the arm and press upon the bladder. 
SPASMODIC COLIC—FRET—GRIPES, 
Causes.—Fast driving; change of water; change of food; getting 
wet; fatiguing journeys; aloes; and often no cause can be traced. 
Symptoms. 1st Staye.—Horse is feeding; becomes uneasy; ceases 
eating ; hind foot is raised to strike the belly; fore foot paws the pave- 
ment; the nose is turned toward the flank, and an attack of fret is ree- 
ognized. 2d Slage.—Alternate ease and fits of pain; the exemptions 
grow shorter as the attacks become longer; the horse crouches; turns 
round; then becomes erect; pawing, etc. follow, a morbid fire now 
lights up the eyes. 3d Stage.—Pains lengthen; action grows more wild ; 
often one foot stamps on the ground; does not feed, but stares at the 
abdomen ; at last, without warning, leaps up and falls violently on the 
floor; seems relieved; rolls about till one leg rests against the wall; 
should no assistance be now afforded, the worst consequences may be 
anticipated. 
Treatment.—Place in a loose box, guarded by trusses of straw ranged 
against the walls. Give one ounce each of sulphuric ether and of laud- 
anum in a pint of cold water, and repeat the dose every ten minutes if 
the symptoms do not abate. If no improvement be observed, double 
the active agents, and at the periods stated persevere with the medicine. 
A pint of turpentine, dissolved in a quart of solution of soap, as an 
enema, has done good. No amendment ensuing, dilute some strong 
liquor ammonia with six times its bulk of water, and, saturating a cloth 
with the fluid, hold it by means of a horse-rug close to the abdomen. It 
is a blister; but its action must be watched or it may dissolve the skin. 
If, after all, the symptoms continue, there must be more than simple 
colic to contend with. 
SPAVIN. 
Cause.—Hard work. 
Symptom.—Any bony enlargement upon the lower and inner side of 
the hock. Prevents the leg being flexed. Hinders the hoof from being 
turned outward. Causes the front of the shoe to be worn and the toe 
of the hoof to be rendered blunt by dragging the foot along the ground. 
