ALPHABETICAL SUMMARY. 507 
dons. All are painful when growing, and in that state generally cause 
lameness. 
Treatment.—Feel down the leg. Any heat, tenderness, or enlarge- 
ment is proof of a splint. If, on the trot, one leg is not fully flexed, 
or the horse “dishes” with it, it confirms the opinion. Time and liberal 
food are the best means of perfecting them. When they are painful, 
poultice, having sprinkled on the surface of the application one drachm 
each of opium and of camphor. Or rub the place with one drachm of 
chloroform and two drachms of camphorated oil. Periosteotomy (see 
Operations) is sometimes of service. When a splint interferes with a 
tendon, the only chance of cure is to open the skin and to cut off the 
splint, afterward treating the wound with a lotion composed of chloride 
of zinc, one grain; water, one ounce. To check the growth of a splint, 
rub it well and frequently with iodide of lead, one ounce; simple oint- 
ment, eight ounces. 
SPRAIN OF THE BACK SINEWS. 
Cause.—Cart-work upon a hilly country. 
Symptom.—Gradual heightening of the hind heel. 
Treatment.—The only possible relief is afforded by an operation— 
‘division of the tendons.” 
STAGGERS. 
Sleepy Staggers and Mad Staggers are only different stages of the 
same disorder. 
Cause.—Over-gorging. 
Symptoms.—Excessive thirst ; dullness or sleepiness; snoring ; press- 
ing the head against a wall. Some animals perish in this state; others 
commence trotting without taking the head from the wall, and such gen- 
erally die, but sometimes recover. Other horses quit the sleepy state ; 
the eyes brighten; the breath becomes quick. Such animals exhibit the 
greatest possible violence, but without the slightest desire for mischief. 
Treatment.—Allow no water. Give a quart of oil. Six hours after- 
ward give another quart of oil, with twenty drops of croton oil in it, 
should no improvement be noticed. In another six hours, no amendment 
being exhibited, give another quart of oil, with thirty drops of croton 
oil init. After a further six hours, repeat the first dose, and administer 
the succeeding doses, at the intervals already stated, until the appear- 
ance changing indicates that the body has been relieved. 
For the full development of the mad stage no remedies are of the 
slightest avail. 
