GcograpJiy of Man in Relation to Eugenics 305 



Virginia. They were members of the cabinets of Jefferson, and 

 Taylor, and Buchanan, and Lincoln. They had major-generals and 

 brigadier-generals by the dozen; members of the Senate and House 

 of Representatives by the score; and gallant officers in the army and 

 navy by the hundred. They fvirnished three of the recent Demo- 

 cratic candidates for Vice-President of the United States. 



The quotation has a scientific value in comparison with 

 the product of Ehzabeth Tuttle. The New England family 

 glows with scholars and inventors; the Virginia and Ken- 

 tucky families with statesmen and military men. The 

 result is not due merely to the difference in the character- 

 istics of Elizabeth Tuttle, Richard and Laetitia Lee, John 

 and Elizabeth Preston respectively, but to the different 

 traits of the New England settlers as a whole, and the Vir- 

 ginia cavalier-colonists as a body. The initial person 

 becomes a great progenitor largely because of some fortu- 

 nate circumstance of personal gift or excellent reputation 

 that enables his offspring to marry into the "best blood." 



The Jukes. — On the other hand, we have the striking 

 cases of families of defectives and criminals that can be 

 traced back to a single ancestor. The case of the "Jukes" 

 is well known. We are first introduced to a man known 

 in hterature as "Max," living as a backwoodsman in New 

 York state, and a descendant of the early Dutch settlers; 

 a good-natured, lazy sot, without doubt of defective mental- 

 ity. He has two sons who marry two of sLx sisters whose 

 ancestry is uncertain, but of such a nature as to lead to 

 the suspicion that they are not full sisters. One of these 

 sisters is known as "Ada Juke," also as "Margaret, the 

 mother of criminals." She was indolent and a harlot before 

 marriage. Besides an illegitimate son she had four legiti- 

 mate children. The first, a son, was indolent, hcentious, 

 and sv-philitic; he married a cousin and had eight children, 



