Fig. 14. Range of Thraupis palmarum. A widely distributed South American Tropical species which 

 enters Colombia from the east; ranges southward to the head of the Magdalena and westward through the 

 lower Cauca-Magdalena district to the Pacific coast, north to Costa Rica, and as far south at least as 

 Buenaventura, but is unknown from the Cauca valley. 



Dotted area — General South American range. 



Black area — Range in Colombia and adjoining territory. 



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