~A8 FRUIT GARDEN. 
letter @ in the figure, or on the under side and downwards 
as below 4. This last is an excellent method of reclaim- 
ing ‘neglected trees of this description. Every alternate 
branch being taken away, and the spurs cut off, the young 
shoots are trained in, and soon produce good fruit. It is 
rather singular that the late M. Thouin, in his account of 
the Ecole d’ Horticulture practique du Museum, classes 
the horizontal form among /es tailles heteroclites, and says, 
that, in consequence of its invariably producing a téte de 
saule, that is, a hedge of young shoots at the top, it has 
been long since abandoned. From this remark, we cannot 
help drawing the conclusion, that in France, the theory of 
training must be in advance of the practice. 
The other principal form is called fan-training. In this 
there is no leading stem, and the branches are arranged 
somewhat like the spokes of a fan. Fig. 8 represents this 
shape as it commonly occurs in gardens. In the case of 
apple and pear-trees, this mode, though frequently adopted, 
is not superior, perhaps not even equal, to the horizontal 
Eig 8. 
configuration: it is evident, that when the branches reach 
the top of the wall, where they must be cut short, a ¢éte 
