GRaPE-VINE. 83 
are October and November in autumn, and in the spring 
March and April. In ground properly prepared, a hole 
is tobe dug about eighteen inches deep, and wide enough 
at bottom to allow the roots to spread out to their fullest 
extent without binding. Any that appear broken or dis- 
eased should be cut off. The side roots should be covered 
shallow, and fine earth, or what is far better, rich compost 
or vegetable mould added so as to fill up the hole. Then 
pour in three or four gallons of water, after the sinking of 
which more earth is to be added, and pressed down gently 
with the foot. During the first season’s growth all the 
side shoots are to be pruned, so as to leave but two eyes 
on each. 
In yards and gardens, along walls, fences, or open bor- 
ders, low training may be adopted wherever there is suffi- 
cient room. ‘Vines may be conducted horizontally, so as 
to extend a great distance under the projecting edges or 
copings of a wall or close fence, especially where these face 
the east. In cities they may be taken up from close and 
gloomy yards to the tops of houses, three or four stories 
high, and there spread out upon arbors, and exposed to the 
influences of the sun and air, so as to be made produce 
abundance of delightful fruit. Or, they may be trained 
low like currant bushes, three, four, or more shoots being 
allowed to grow eighteen inches or two feet above the 
ground to give an annual supply of young bearing-wood. 
American fence-rows would seem to offer a peculiarly fine 
situation for the grape-culture, the posts and rails offering 
such admirable means of support. To what great profit 
might the immense amount of land be put which is now 
taken up by fences and entirely lost to culture, and this 
too without injury to the regular grain crops from shading ? 
Intelligent farmers would do well to adopt a course which 
