86 FRUIT GARDEN. 
est shoot within two or three feet of the past season’s 
growth, cutting the weakest shoot to within one eye of 
the preceding season’s growth. The strongest stem may 
have ten.or twelve eyes all producing fruit, of which one 
bunch may be allowed to each eye. The weakest branch 
left without any fruit may be permitted to grow as much 
as it will. The second winter cut back the strong shoot 
to within two eyes of the old wood, and allow one shoot to 
grow from it. One shoot is to be trained without fruit for 
next season’s crop. our shoots may be finally left on the 
vine, one-half of which may: be allowed to bear every year, 
the other two being cut back for fruiting the following 
season. This is commonly termed the long cane system, 
and is regarded as the most simple and very best method of 
pruning followed in the United States. 
Pruning consists of winter pruning and summer prun- 
ing, operations very different from each other. What is 
commonly styled the Spur system of training and pruning 
is managed as follows: Allow each stem to extend the 
whole height of the house, and if the first year it does not 
attain the size of three inches round, it is to be cut back 
and allowed another year’s growth. Should it attain more 
than three inches in circumference, it must be regarded as 
toostrong,and cut down to within about four feet of the 
old wood. Young spurs will put out to bear fruit, and 
one bunch may be taken from each, the growth of each spur 
being stopped two eyes above the bunches. These spurs 
are cut back at each winter pruning, so as to leave two or 
three eyes on each. These again sending out spurs, one 
bunch is to be taken from each, and so continue from year 
to yea. Never take more than one bunch from a gingle 
eye. 
Hoare, in his excellent treatise upon the vine, has re- 
