356 FORCING GARDEN. 
During Night. During Day. 
March .... . 60° to 70° 60° to 80° 
April...... 70 — 75 70 — 85 
May....... 75 — 80 90 — 100 
June...... 80 — 85 100 — 120* 
After the beginning of July, the heat is allowed to de 
cline by degrees, until it arrive at the winter temperature 
of 60°. It is to be understood, however, that these tem- 
peratures regard only stable-dung or tan heat; and that 
too, applied to crowns, as the larger suckers salon require 
more than 100°. When fire-heat is used, and it should 
always be through the medium of hot water, the nocturnal 
temperature should only approach towards 80°; and there 
should be some expedient for the s/ow immission of steain 
into the atmosphere of the pit. During the whole summer, 
care is employed to prevent the plants from being drawn, 
and for this purpose they are allowed much space, and are 
placed as near the glass as possible. In August and Sep- 
tember abundance of air, and more copious supplies of 
water, are given. In winter, the chief care is to preserve 
the roots from damping off, and for this reason, though it 
is not the common practice, we should prefer winter pits, 
having at least the command of fire-heat. 
This mode of driving, as it has been significantly called, 
is applicable chiefly to the varieties called the Queen and 
Ripley’s New Queen; most of the large growing sorts re- 
quiring a longer period. It is desirable, therefore, that both 
courses of culture should be carricd on at the same time; 
so that the larger varieties may be consigned to the trien- 
* These temperatures were actually maintained in the pineries of the 
Royal Gardens at Kensington in 1825. Our authority (Mr. Gowans, now 
gardener at Cadder House, and a most successful horticulturist) has subse- 
quently recommended a mitigated scale. 
