Handbook of Trees of the Noetiieen States a:s^d Canada. 187 



Compared with the large elms of the North- 

 ern States, the Winged Elm is a tree of 

 medium size. It rarely attains a greater height 

 than 50 or 60 ft. or greater thickness of trunk 

 than 2 ft., and when isolated forms a sym- 

 metrical oblong or obovoid top. It inhabits 

 well drained uplands and the borders of 

 swamps and streams, being most abundant in 

 the regions west of the Mississippi River in 

 company with the Hackberries, Honey Locust, 

 Willow-leaf and Shingle Oaks, Prickly Ash, 

 etc. It differs materially from our northern 

 elms in the size of its small leaves, and a pecu- 

 liar feature is the wide wing-like growths of 

 cork which develop on opposite sides of some 

 of its branchlets, particularly the lowermost 

 and those near the trunk of the tree. It is 

 from this feature that it takes both its com- 

 mon and technical names. 



Its wood is heavy, a cubic foot when abso- 

 lutely drj' weighing 46.68 lbs., hard and diffi- 

 cult to split, though it is not considered as 

 strong as that of the northern Elms.i 



Lcnrcs ovate-ohloDg:, from abruptly wedge-sbaped 

 to subcordate at base and somewhat inequilateral, 

 acute or acuminate, doubl.v serrate, at maturity 

 firm, smooth, dark Kreen above, pale pubescent be- 

 neatli. Flowers appearing in early spring before 

 the leaves, in short few-flowered fascicles ; calyx 

 glabrous with n ohovate lobes. Fniit ripening 

 usually before the unfolding of the leaves, samara 

 from V-i-Va in. in length, long-stipitate, white- 

 hairy especially on the thickened margin ; wings 

 narrow and with protruded points incurved at 

 apex. 



1. A. W., XII, 289. 



