4.'j> RoSEACK.E. 



ROSE FAMILY. ROSEACE.E. 



Till' Rose Family consists of trees, slinibs and a few herbs of wide distribution tlirougliout 



teiiiiiiMate regions, and of upwards of fifteen luindred species grouped in about ninety genera. 



^Jost of our Kiicculont friuts are among its products. Ten of tlie genera are represented 



by arljoresrent species in tlie I'nited .States. 



LinrcR alternate (opposite in Li/oiintlntnuiii-'^ ) with stipules. FJoirris I'egulai". perfect: 

 fal.\x ."i-lobed ; petals Ti ((I in Cvrcucorpiix} imbricated in the bud; stamens numerous, distinct 

 and inserted with the petals on a disk lining the calyx-tube : anthers small, 2-celled. introrse 

 (extrorse in ^'l(llqul'I( iiia ) longitudinally dehiscent: pistils 1-many : ovary 1-celled with 

 geneially two anatropous ovules in each cell ; seeds mostly without albumen. 



KEY TO THE GENERA. 



.a Fiuit a pome, consisting of an enlarged and succulent calyx-tube and ovary with papery 

 or iioiiiy I'arpels : stipules free from the petioles (Tribe Pomoidca). 

 .b Carpels papery at maturity and 

 c As many as the styles 



d Leaves simple : flowers in simple cymes Pyrus. 



'd^ T..eaves palmately com]iotind : flowers in compound cymes Sorbus. 



'c' Carpels becoming twice as many as the styles; flowers in racemes; leaves simjjle. 



Amelanchier. 



b" Carj)els horny at matui'ity : leaves simple Crataegus. 



a' Fruit a drupe; ovary superior. 1-celled. with single terminal style (Tribe I'liinoidar) . 



Prunus. 



THE APPLES AND PEARS. Genu.s PYRUS L. 



The genus PtjruK (also sjielled PirtiH) as here restricted consists of about ?,() or 40 

 species of small or medium-size ti-ees of the northern hemisphere and mainly of the Old World. 

 Five are natives of Noi'th America, four of the Atlantic states and one of the Pacific slope. 

 Besides these two or three introduced species are widely naturalized. 



Lriircti simple, deciduous, petiolate. involute in the bud; stipules free from the petioles, 

 •caducous; winter buds scaly. Flowcrx pink or white, in simple terminal cymes on shoi't 

 lateial aiid sometimes spinescent spurs : calyx with urn-shaped tube and pointed lobes 

 imbiicated in the bud and mostly persistent ; petals rounded, short-clawed ; stamens 20 or 

 moie : pjistils usually 5, alternate with the petals, united with the calyx-tube and containing 

 2 ovules in each cell : styles usually 5. distinct or united at base. Fruit a pome, i^ormed by 

 the enlargement of the united calyx tube and ovaries with papery carpels joined at apex ; 

 seeds usually 2 in each cell, more or less compressed, ovoid, erect, lustrous brown with 

 cartilaginous testa and straight embryo. 



The name is the ancient Latin name of the Pcur. 



KEY TO THE SPECIES. 

 & Fruit usually tapering to the stem and flesh containing grit-cells; styles mostly distinct. 



P. comiuunis. 

 SL- Fruit usually hollowing at the stem and flesh not containing grit-cells; styles united at base 

 b Leaves glabrous at maturity or nearly so and 



c Ovate, mostly truncate or subcordate at base P. coronaria. 



c- Oblong-lanceolate to oval and mostly tapering at base P. aiigustifolia. 



i)- Leaves tomentose or pubescent beneath and 

 c Jiostly narrowed at base 



Pedicels slender, 1-1 V{> in. long P. loeiisis. 



I'edicels stout, % in. or less in length P. Soulardi. 



.«- Mostly rounded or subcordate at base ; petioles and pedicels 



Short, stout, and pubescent P. Malus. 



Long, slender and glabrous P. prunifolia. 



For sjirch'x ncc pp. 230-237 and 1h<: foUoiriiii/: 



'I'EAE. I'urufi conimuiiiK L. A native of southern Europe and Asia, producing (in a 

 native state) a small inferior fruit. This has been vastly amelioriated by cultivation and 

 hybridization, and the tree is now cultivated in all countries of temperate regions. It has 

 tescaped and become naturalized in many localities in the T'nited States. In favoi'able situations 

 5t is a strong upi'ight tree, sometimes 7.5 ft. in height and 2 ft. or more in thickness of trunk. 

 Jjiairx mostly ovate-oblong. 2-4 in. long, obtuse or rounded at base, acute or acuminate, finely 

 .■a;]pressed-serrate or subentire. pubescent and ciliate at first but finally lustrous dark greeii 

 above, paler and veiny beneath, very firm in texture ; petioles long and slender. Floucru 

 about' 1 in. broad, appearing with the leaves : styles usually .5 and distinct to base. Fruil 

 variable, but that of wild seedling trees usually small and more or less austere. 



Appi-E. /-". Mnhix L. — Midux Alnlun (L.I Britton. The native land of the Apple is 

 supijosed ;o he southeastern Europe and western Asia. It has been in cultivation from vei-y 



