16 INTRODUCTION. 



England cities along the sea-board, an equal number, making a 

 round million in the aggregate; and the Southern seaboard 

 cities 200,000 more, including "Washington, MobOe and New 

 Orleans, making 1,200,000. It is not too much to compute the 

 consumption of the inland cities, towns and villages, altogether, 

 at three times the number — 3,600,000 — swelling the aggregate 

 to the sum of, say 5,000,000 a year.* The value of these 

 may safely be put at $60 each, on the owner's farm, thus raising 

 the entire sum to $300,000,000, and perhaps higher, besides 

 the heavy amounts which are slaughtered and packed in the 

 interior for exportation abroad, amounting to some millions of 

 dollars more. To these items, add the value of butter and 

 cheese produced from cows, and the labor of working oxen, 

 and the cattle interest of the country swells to an enormous 

 aggregate. 



The quantity of butter produced, in the census returns of the 

 year 1860, was 460,509,854 pounds, being an increase of 46 

 per cent, over the returns of 1850. The quantity of cheese, in 



*To be more exact, so far as the consamption of New York City and its immediate 

 vicinity is concerned, we give below a condensed table taken from the New York 

 Tribune Cattle Market reports for the year 1866, showing the annual receipts of all 

 varieties of stock for the past thirteen years, and the prices at which beef has ruled 

 for the year 1866. 



" The weight, at wlilch the cattle averaged, are only for the four quarters of the 

 carcass, which includes, in value, the hide and tallow, as they are not paid for out- 

 side of the meat. 



RECEIPTS OF STOCK FOR a SERIES OF TEARS. 



Beeves. Cows. Calves. Sheep. Swine. An. Total. 



1354 169,864 18,131 68,534 . 655,479 252 326 l,05!l,.')8li 



1855 155,664 12,110 47,%9 588,741 318,107 1152,491 



1856 187,067 12,857 4.3,081 462.739 345,911 1,051,645 



1857 162,243 12,840 34.218 444,0.36 288 9S4 942 321 



1858 191,874 10,128 87,675 447,115 651479 1238,601 



1859 205,272 9,492 43,769 404,894 399.685 l,068,0ffi! 



I860 226,933 7,144 39,486 518,760 328,918 1 11M81 



1861 222,835 6,749 32,368 512,8:16 659 421 1.333229 



1862 239486 6.378 30,465 4n4,.342 1148 309 1 907 Wll 



1863 2&1,091 6,470 85,709 51!),:il0 1,101 '617 I'W-W 



1864 267,609 7,603 75,621 782 4IH 660-170 ]-sV'M7 



1865 273,274 6,161 77,991 836,733 573,m ITCIKS 



1866 298,882 4,885 62,114 1,030 621 066 392 2 062^K4 



