THE SnORT-HORNS. 155 



Second — for flesh. Yielding to their tendency to take on 

 flesh, when not put to regular dairy use, many of the English 

 breeders began to breed more for the flesh-producing property, 

 both in bulls and heifers. Tliis system required abundant food 

 from early calfh9od to full maturity. It gave them great 

 rotundity of carcass, rapid growth, and early ripeiless. So 

 taking were these well fed animals to the eye, coupled with the 

 early maturity which the bulls imparted to their stock, when 

 crossed on the inferior cows of the country — as beef was a prom- 

 inent article of production in a great majority of the counties of 

 England — that the tendency to breed the best looking cattle, 

 extended to the generality of short-horn breeders. Another 

 thing, perhaps, encouraged this style of breeding — the increas- 

 ing demand for their cattle from abroad. The earlier American 

 importations had been mostly into the Atlantic States, where the 

 milking qualities of their cows were more in demand than their 

 flesh for the shambles. But when the Ohio Company sent to 

 England, in the year 1834, for a herd of short-horns with which 

 to improve the western herds, flesh was their chief object, and 

 they sought such cattle as showed that tendency more than the 

 other, although some of the cows which they brought out, and 

 many of their descendants, as we have known from personal 

 observation and experience, proved remarkable milkers, both in 

 quantity and quality. From the Ohio importation of 1834, the 

 successive importations have been mostly of that description — 

 fuU fleshed, of rapid growth, great development, and early 

 maturity — so much so that the modern style of short-horns 

 appear widely different from the old style, as shown in plate 19, 

 to which, in some importations of many years ago, we have seen 

 almost exact resemblances. 



To illustrate the modern style, which is now almost universally 

 sought by the majority of short-horn breeders in our country — 

 for out of the Atlantic States they appear to care less for milk 



