INTELLIGENCE IN BIRDS. 
At the present time, mere structure, anatomy and 
classification in the study of natural history are engag- 
ing less attention than those higher phases or problems 
of the science, natural dependence, modification, manner 
of life and animal psychology. The advanced botanist 
turns his attention to the consideration of the fertiliza- 
tion of the plants or flowers, the origin of their -parts, 
color, perfume, and the wonderful devices for their per- 
petuation and increase. The entomologist, to the uses 
of the insects in the economy of nature; while those 
pursuing their investigations in the higher branches of 
zoology are most interested in the phenomena of mind 
or animal intelligence. Especially is this true in the 
study of ornithology. Nearly all our native birds have 
been identified and described ; little more can be accom- 
plished in this direction, and the man who shoots a thou- 
sand birds for anatomical or technical examination 
learns less than he who carefully studies the habits and 
thoroughly learns the song of one. 
Intelligent people no longer attribute the sagacity so 
often displayed by many animals to mere instinct ; they 
understand that all creatures are in possession of a cer- 
tain amount of mental or deliberative faculties, and are 
