THE FRUIT 



223 



a seed which springs from a single ovule of one ceU of a 

 compound ovary, which develops at the expense of all the 

 other ovules. The chestnut-hur is a kind of involucre, 

 and, so is the acorn-cup. The name 

 nut is often incorrectly applied in 

 popular language; for example, the 

 so-called Brazil-nut is really a large 

 seed with a very hard testa. 



238. The Follicle. — One-celled, 

 simple pistils, like those of the marsh 

 marigold, the columbine, and a good 

 many other plants, often produce a 

 Fig. 168.— Group of Foiii- fruit which dehisces along a single 

 oies and a Single jouioie guture, usually the Ventral one. Such 



of the Monkshood. ' •' 



a fruit is called a, follicle (Fig. 168). 



239. The Legume. — A legume is a one-celled pod, 

 formed by the maturing of a simple pistil, which dehisces 

 along both of its sutures, as already seen in the case of 

 the bean pod, and illus- 

 trated in Fig. 271. 



240. The Capsule. — 

 The dehiscent fruit 

 formed by the ripening 

 of a compound pistil is 

 called a capsule. Such 

 a fruit may be one- 

 celled, as in the linear 

 pod of the celandine 

 (Fig. 271), or several- 

 celled, as in the fruit of the poppy, the morning-glory, 

 and the jimson weed (Fig. 271). 



FXG. 16D. — Winged Fruits. 

 I, elm ; 11, maple. 



