402 



FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 



Flax, cross-section of stem of, *91 . 



Fleshy fruits, 224. 



Fleshy fruits, uses of, 383-385. 



Fleshy roots, 45, 46, *47. 



Floating seeds, 381. 



Floral diagrams, 204, *205, *206. 



Floral envelopes, 198. 



Floral organs, movements of, 365, 



366. 

 Florideae, 255. 



Flower, nature of, 208-211*. 

 Flower, organs of, *197. 

 Flower, plan of, 197-206*. 

 Flower-buds, position of, 186. 

 Flowerless plants, 232, 233, 235- 



297. 

 Flowers, bird-pollinated, 362. 

 Flowers, colors of, 357, 358. 

 Flowers, ecology of, 353-372*. 

 Flowers, odors of, 357. 

 Flytrap, Venus, *343, 344. 

 Follicle, *223. 

 Food in embryo, 14. 

 Food, storage of, in root, 46, *47. 

 Food, storage of, in stem, 113-117. 

 Food, storage outside of embryo, 



15. 

 Formative tissue, 95. 

 Fossil plants, 298, 299. . 

 Fossils, 298. 

 Four-o'clock seed, 15. 

 Foxglove, pinnate leaf of, *133. 

 Fi-ee, 204. 



Free central placentation, *205. 

 Frond, 287, »288. 

 Frost, action of, 394. 

 Fruit, 221-227*. 

 Fruit, definition of, 221. 

 Fruit^dots, •288. 

 Fruits, study of, 217-220. 

 Fruits, uses of, 376-386*. 



Fuous, 250-252*. 

 Funaria, *284. 

 Fungi, 232, 274-276. 



Gametophyte, 291. 



Gamopetalous, 200. 



Gamosepalous, 200. 



Gemmae, 279. 



Generations, alternation of, 278. 



Generative cells, in pollen tube, 



*214. 

 Genus, 229. 



Geography, botanical, 324-335. 

 Geography, botanical, of the United 



States, 333-335. 

 Geotropism, *57, *58, 59, 68. 

 Germination, 5-13. 

 Germination, chemical changes 



during, 11-13. 

 Germination, conditions of, 8-11. 

 Gills, *264, 265. 

 Gonidia, 273. 

 Gourd-fruit, 224. 

 Grafting, 98, *99. 

 Grain, 222. 



Grape sugar, test for, 116, 117. 

 Gray, Asa, 71. 

 Green layer of bark, 86, *91. 

 Groups, 231. 

 Growiag point, *42. 

 Growth, measurement of, in stem, 



32. 

 Growth, secondary, *96, *97, *100. 

 Guard-cells, *151, *153, *154, 158, 



159. 

 Gymnosperms, 233. 



Haematococcus, *244. 

 Hairs, 158. 



Hairs, stinging, 349, 350, *351. 

 Halberd-shaped, *132. 



