58 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 



B. Fruit annual; leaves not bristle-tipped, though often 

 mucronate. 



6. Q. alba, L. White Oak. A large tree with light gray bark. 

 Leaves obovate-oblong, 3-9-lobed, lobes rounded and mostly entire, 

 bright green above, paler below, short-petioled. Cup hemispherical, 

 scales rough, woolly when young, but becoming smooth with age ; 

 acorn oblong-ovate, about 1 in. long. Common in damp soil ; wood 

 strong and durable ; one of the most valuable timber trees.* 



7. Q. stellata, Wang. Post Oak. A tree of medium size with 

 rough gray bark. Leaves broadly obovate, deeply lyrate-pinnatified 

 into 5-7 rounded, divergent lobes, upper lobes much the longer, 

 smooth above, yellowish-downy beneath, petioles about 1 in. long. 

 Cup hemispherical, nearly sessile ; acorn ovoid, 2-3 times as long as 

 the cup. On dry soil ; wood hard and valuable. 



8. Q. macrocarpa, Michx. Bur Oak. A medium-sized to very 

 large tree, with roughish gray bark. Leaves obovate or oblong, 

 lyrately and deeply sinuate-lobed, smooth above, pale or downy 

 beneath. Cup very deep and thick, abundantly fringed about the 

 margin, | in. to 2 in. in diameter. . Acorn, half or more [sometimes 

 entirely] enclosed by the cup. Reaches its f uU size only on rich 

 bottom lands S. and W-, where it becomes one of the finest timber 

 oaks. Wood very hard and heavy. 



9. Q. lyrata, Walt. Swamp Oak. A large tree with gray or 

 reddish bark. Leaves obovate-oblong, deeply pinnatifid, lobes 

 narrow, often toothed, thin, smooth above, white, densely woolly 

 beneath. Cup round-ovate, scales cuspidate, enclosing nearly the 

 whole of the depressed-globose acorn. On wet soil ; wood strong 

 and very durable.* 



10. Q. prinus, L. Swamp Chestnut Oak. A large tree with 

 brown, ridged bark. Leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate, rather ob- 

 tuse, crenately toothed, minutely downy beneath, petioles slender, 

 about 1 in. long. Cup hemispherical, peduncles longer than the 

 petioles, scales acute, tubercular, appressed ; acorn oblong, acute, 

 1 in. or less in length, edible. Common on low ground. Wood 

 strong and valuable.* 



11. Q. Muhlenbergii, Engelm. Yellow Chestnut Oak. A 

 tree of medium or large size with gray bark. Leaves oblong or 

 oblanceolate, usually acute at the apex and obtuse or rounded at the 

 base, coarsely and evenly toothed ; veins straight, impressed above 

 and prominent beneath ; petioles slender. Cup hemispherical, sessile 

 or short-peduncled, with flat scales, J in. broad, enclosing about half 

 the ovoid acorn, which is f-f in. long. Common on dry soil, wood 

 close-grained, durable, and valuable. 



12. Q. virginiana. Mill. Live Oak. A large tree with rough 



