UMBELLIFER^. 187 



the Levant and Mediterranean region, in the Azores and Canaries, 

 causes serious accidents to the unfortunates who, in a time of 

 scarcity, think they can use its foliaceous ribs as food. With the 

 ancients it was an antihysteric and antihemorrhagic plant. The 

 hollow stems ' were used to make cases for manuscripts and ferules or 

 rods for schools (whence its generic name Ferula). In Podolia P. 

 sylvaticum ^ is used in the treatment of gout, scrofula and intermittent 

 fevers.' At Sarepta, the aromatic roots of P. (Eriosynaphe) longi- 

 foliiim* are eaten. P. officinale,^ a south-European species, was 

 esteemed for its aperitive, expectorant, diuretic root, but is no longer 

 employed. P. Oreoselinum^ (fig. 81, 82) is reputed diaphoretic, 

 stimulant ; its fruit was considered a febrifuge. P. Cervaria ' was 

 prescribed as a diuretic and febrifuge ; P. italicum and parisiense, as 

 stimulants and tonics ; P. montanum as bitter, tonic, its root was 

 said to cure epilepsy. P syhestre ^ was used as a masticatory and 

 replaced Ginger ; its root has been administered as a certain cure for 

 epilepsy. P. alsaticum ^ had the same uses as P. Cervaria. In North 

 America, P. amhiguum '" and rigidius '' are cited as stimulants and 

 tonics. P. Oalhixnum'^^ (fig. 89), a remarkable species from the Cape 

 of Good Hope, derives its specific name from the opinion, long 



' They contain, however, a Tittle spongy me- 'Cuss, ex Lapeyr. Ahr. P^c. • 149. — DO. 



duUary substance of which a sort of tinder is Prodr. n. 21 . — Oreosslinum ■nigrum Delakek. 



made. Selinum OreosoUnum Scop. 



2 Ferula sylvatica Eess. Enum. PI. Volh. et ? Cuss, ex Lapeyr. Ahr. Fyr. 149. — Koch 



Fodol. 44.— DC. Prodr. iv. 171, u. 1.— Eosenth. Umb. 94. — DC. Prodr. n. 20.— Gken. et Godr. 



op. eit. 744.— J*. nodAflora Eochel. — Ferulago Fl. de Fr. i. 688. — Selinum Cervaria Scop.^ 



sylvatiea Eeiche. Ic. iv. t. 371. Aihamantha Cervaria L. 



^ F, orientale 'Boiss. (Ferula orientalis Jj.) lass 'DC. Prodr. iv. 179, n. 17. — P. palustre 



heen considered as producing the gum ammo- Mulnch. — Thysselinum palustre HorPM. Seli- 



niac. F. genieulatitm (Ferula geniculata Guss.) num aylvesire L. Hort. Vpsal. 59. 



was a medicinal plant in Greece. P. tingita- ' L. Spec. 354 (uotPoiK.). — ^G. Prodr. n.W. 



rmm {Ferula Ungitanalj.') was reputed to fur- — Daucus alsaticus BAVM. — Cnidium alsaticum 



nish an African gum ammoniac and Silphion. Speeng. 



P. Ferulago [Ferula Ferulago L.) had been lo (Enanthe ambigua Nutt. Gen. Amer. i. 189. 



named by Koch F. galhanifera, but it does not — Pastinaea ambigua Totlr.— Archemora ambi- 



produce galbanum. P. ovinmn H. Bw. {Ferula gua DC. Prodr. iv. 188, n. 1. 



ovina Boiss.), or Kuma of the Persans, is aro- H Slum rigidius L. Spec. 362. — (Enanthe rigida 



matic and liked by sheep. P. cinereum {Feru- Nutt.— iS»o« marginatum MicHx. — Pastinaca 



lago einerea Boiss.) is eaten in the East as a rigida SFms^a.—Arehemora rigida DC. Prodr. 



condiment with boiled rice. n. 2. According to Barton, it is an extremely 



4 Ferula longifolia FiscH. Cat. Hort. GorenTt. violent poison. 



(1812) 46.— Eriosj/naphe longifolia DC. Mem. 12 B. H. Gen. 920.~Bubon Galbamm'L. Spec. 



60, t. 1, E ; Prodr. iv. 175. 364.— Jacq. Sort. Vindob. iii. t. 36.— Harv. 



5 L. Spec. 353.— DC. Fl. Fr. iv. 336 ; Prodr. and Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 560.— Eosenth. op. cit. 

 iv. 177, n. 2. — Selinum Peucedanum Sow. Engl. 646. — Agaiyllis Galbanum Spkeng. 



Bot. t. 1767. 



