RUBIAGEA 



343 



Cascarilla Oaudichattdiana. 



are opposite,' petiolate, penninerved,^ accompanied with interpetiolar 

 stipules, famished internally with hasilar glands and falling early. 

 The flowers^ are in terminal ramified and compound' clusters of 

 cymes, often uniparous near the extremity, with bracteoles which 

 may here and there become foUaceous. 



Several of ihe following genera, very near Cinchona, are distinguished 

 by characters of little value and even artificial. Cascarilla (fig. 342) 

 has the flowers of Cinchona except that the 

 lobes of the corolla are papillose instead of 

 pubescent at the margin ; and the capsular 

 fruit opens from top to bottom and not from 

 the bottom upwards. All the other characters 

 are similar and they are trees and shrubs 

 from the same regions, but the area of 

 vegetation extends further east. Remijia, 

 like Cascmilla, has been referred to the 

 genus Cinchona. The inflorescences are 

 terminal. The gamosepalous calyx, more 

 or less developed, is sometimes a little 

 irregular, and the narrow fruit opens from 

 top to bottom like that o{ Cascarilla. They 

 are shrubs from the same countries. Laden- 

 bergia, trees of Peru and Columbia, has also 

 nearly the flowers of Cascarilla, often more 

 elongate, disposed unilaterally on the slender 

 divisions of a compound cyme. The style 

 is terminated by a punctiform stigmatic 



surface, and the fruit is a narrow and elongate capsule, enclosing 

 numerous imbricate seeds, winged at both ends, the inferior or both 

 bilobed. The pericarp is thick and dehisces from top to bottom 

 along the partition ; the two valves are bifid at the summit and often 

 contorted. 



In Macrocnemum, the pentamerous flowers have a corolla with 

 expanded and valvate lifab, often very reduplicate, and an andrcecium 



Fig. 342. Dehiscing fruit. 



' They are exceptionally temate. 

 ' The axil of the secondary nervures may be 

 surrounded helow by small concave glands. 



'White, pink or reddish, sometimes, it is 

 said, yellowish, ordinarily odorous. 



