ANCIENT PEACTICE WITH THE OHVE. 35S 



insomucli as one Olive-plot hath been knowne to have prospered in 

 good estate a world of yeares. This wild Olive aforesaid may be graffed 

 either with scions set in a clift, or els, by way of inooiilation, with the 

 scutcheon aforesaid." Pliny himself describes the whole much more 

 briefly, e. g. : "Africse peonliare qnidem in Oleastro est inserere. 

 ftuadam eeternitate consenescunt, proxima adoptioni virga emissa, 

 atque itaalia arbore ex eademjuvenesoente: iterumcLue et quoties opus, 

 sit, ut sevis eadem oliveta constent. Inseritur autem Oleaster calamo, 

 et inoculatione." 



Before concluding this part of the subject it is desirable to 

 advert to the trifacial orange, a most singular production 

 known in some places by the name of Granger hermaphrodite. 

 Mr. St. John, in his Travels in the Valley of the Nile, gives the 

 following account of this very curious tree in Boghos Bey'S 

 garden at Alexandria. " Here I was shown an extraordinary 

 fruit-tree, produced by an extremely ingenious process. They 

 take three seeds, the Citron, the Orange, and the Lemon, and 

 carefully removing the external coating from both sides of one 

 of them, and from one side of the two others, place the former 

 between the latter, and binding the three together with fine 

 grass, plant them in the earth. From this mixed seed springs 

 a tree, the fruit of which exhibits three distinct species 

 included in one rind, the division being perfectly visible 

 externally, and the flavour of each compartment as different 

 as if it had grown on a separate tree. This curious method of 

 producing a tripartite fruit has been introduced by Boghos 

 Joussouff from Smyrna, his native city, where it is said to have 

 been practised from time immemorial." This statement is 

 illustrated by the following note to the Gardeners' Chronicle 

 of 1841, from the Eev. G. G. Kenouard, at that time Foreign 

 Secretary to the Eoyal Geographical Society. 



"When resident at Smyrna as chaplain to the factory there, 

 in 1813, a fruit produced, as I was told, by an Orange-tree on 

 which a Lemon had been grafted, was sent to me from the 

 garden of a friend at Hajilar, a village in the neighbourhood, 

 so singular in its appearance that I should have preserved it in 

 spirits had I been aware of the circumstance I shall presently 

 mention. Boghos Yusuf (i. e. Paul Joseph) is a most estimable 

 Armenian, universally esteemed, and was employed in his 



