INDEX. 



587 



Epidermis, action of, 59 



^ — an extension of the outer bark 



of the stem, 59 



— in its young state highly sen- 

 sible to the influence of 

 Ught, 164 



of leaves, its nature and pro- 

 perties, 57 



— of the leaves of evergreens, 



450 



of plants inhabiting shady 



situations, 62 



regulates the amount of per- 



SpiratioUj 79 



Epiphytes, 533 



Esculent herbs, difTerence between them 

 and woody plants, 414 



Espaliers, pruning and training of, 377, 

 390 



Evaporation, affected by elevation and 

 wind, 186 



an important vital function, 



177 



danger in checking it, 161 



necessary as a means of 



keeping plants cool, 161 

 precautions sometimes ne- 

 cessary to check, 448 



prevented by clay, from the 



surface of scions, 340 

 Evergreen plants, 79 

 Evergreens, epidermis of their leaves, 450 



■ perspiratory organs less 



active than in deciduous 

 plants, 80 



— . produce roots at all seasons, 



451 



proper season fortransplaut- 



ing, 452 



pruning of, 420 



reasons why autumn is pre- 

 ferable for transplanting, 

 453 



Excitability diminished by lowness of 

 temperature, 113, 514 



• exhausted by a high night 



temperature, 522 



. in the vine may be re- 

 pressed, 258 



promoted by heat, 295 



Excretions of roots, 29 



Exogens, 35 



explained, 43 



pith of, central and distinct, 35 



Eyes, are greatly assisted by leaves, 266 



excessive food for, injurious, 267 



occasionally separate from their 



mother stem, and form new 

 plants, 264 

 propagation by, 263 



reason why some plants grow from, 



more readily than others, 264 



the youngest, more excitable than 



those at the middle or base of 

 potatoes, ^67 



Pabrb, M., experiments by, 483 

 Pall of the leaf explained, 79 

 Pai-m-yard manure, 562 

 substitute for, 563 



■ longevity of some, 40 



Exposure of greenhouse plants not advi- 

 sable, 435 



to S.E. not so favourable for a 



garden as is generally sup- 

 posed, 204 



Fertilisation, 95 



Gsertner's practical conclu- 

 sions respecting, 498 

 the art of, 498 



Fibre, woody, originates in the leaves, 

 34 



Fibrous roots, production of, by root- 

 pruning, 461 



Field crops, germination of, in wet sea- 

 sons, 244 



Fig-trees, beneficial effect of removing 

 late, 363 



mode of pruning, 381 



Filament, 81 



Filbert, mode of pruning, 362, 382 



Fir-trees, grafting of, 322 

 instance of theii' roots being 



alive many years after their 

 stems had been felled, 74 

 Floral envelopes, 81 

 Flower-buds, 92 



their production depends 



upon the presence of nu- 

 tritive matter for their 

 support, 95 

 Flowers are only leaves in a modified 

 state, 92 



become monstrous in warm damp 



weather, 502 



become rosettes of leaves, 90 



■ circumstances which advance or 



retard their production, 93 



double, their origin, 82, 502 



essentially constituted only by 



the presence of the sexes, 82 



grow into branches, 84, 89 



manure for, and time of applica- 

 tion, 577 

 may be prolonged by any circum- 

 stance which hinders the act 

 of fertilisation, 95 



produce buds and tubers, 85 



pruning, in order to produce, 363 



^ sporting of, 485 



