SPURS 49 



Three fairly distinct classes of trees may, however, be recog- 

 nised. Some trees, such as the peach, bear almost entirely on 

 long shoots one year old and have few or no spurs, while others 

 produce their fruit-buds chiefly at the apex or on the sides of 

 spurs, the long shoots of the tree bearing only wood-buds in 

 their first year ; a third group bears almost equally both upon 

 long shoots and spurs. 



The apple and pear produce fruit-buds chiefly upon spurs, 

 and rarely upon long shoots which are only one season old. A 

 few varieties of apples, however, such as Cox's Orange pippin, 

 Ribston pippin, and Irish peach, sometimes produce fruit-buds 

 freely on the long shoots of last season. 



The plum bears largely upon spurs (s, 3, Fig. 19), but sometimes 

 the fruit-buds may appear upon its young long shoots : when the 

 latter happens they are usually accompanied by wood-buds placed 

 on each side. 



The red currant carries its fruit chiefly upon spurs ; the black 

 currant, both on young long shoots and spurs, but chiefly on the 

 former. 



In the black and white Hearts, Bigarreau and Duke cherries, 

 the fruit-buds are mostly inet with upon spurs, but the Morello and 

 Kentish types bear largely upon the one-year-old long shoots 

 (i. Fig. 19). 



The gooseberry and apricot resemble the black currant in the 

 arrangement of their fruit-buds. 



The raspberry bears upon leafy shoots, which arise in summer 

 from buds on the previous year's cane. The canes or stems 

 which come above ground are biennial. The fruiting cane dies 

 down in autumn, but before this takes place the buds at its base 

 on the underground rootstock grow up into canes : in the fol- 

 lowing year the buds upon the latter open out into leafy shoots 

 which bear the fruit, after which these canes die away, and are 

 followed by a new set of young canes which originate in a similar 

 manner. 



