BUDS OPPOSITE EACH OTHER 6l 



RECOGNITION OF TREES BY MEANS OF TWIGS 

 IN WINTER. 



The chief deciduous British forest and fruit trees and shrubs 

 may be recognised in winter by the character and arrangement 

 of the buds, as given below: — 



GROUP I. 



BODS OPPOSITE EACH OTHER ON THE TWIGS (Fig. 26), 

 The following belong to this group : — 



Dogwood. Honeysuckle. 



Mealy Guelder-Rose. Elder. 



Common do. Sycamore. 



Ash. English Maple. 



Spindle-Tree. Norway do. 



Privet. Horse-Chestnut. 



Buckthorn. 



1. Buds naked, i.e. without protecting bud-scales. 



(a) Young twigs, smooth, slender, and blood-red in colour. 



Dog-wood : Wild Cornel {Cornus sanguinea L.). 



(b) Twigs with a powdery grey covering consisting of stellate 



hairs. < t ■ 



Mealy guelder-rose : Wayfaring-tree ( Viburnum of Sycamore show^ 

 Lanlana'L.). '"g opposite ar- 



„,..,.. , , , i , rangement of buds. 



2. Visible bud-scales few (one or two). 



(a) Bud-scales sooty black. 



Ash {Fraxinus excelsior L.). Twigs smooth, greenish-grey ; 

 terminal bud much larger than the round lateral ones. 

 {b") Bud scales pinkish. 



Common guelder-rose ( Viburnum Opulus L. ). Young twigs 

 with longitudinal ridges or angles, especially near their tips ; 

 lateral buds closely pressed to stem. 



3. Several bud-scales visible ; closely and compactly arranged. 



(a) Twigs slender, bright sage green. 



Spindle-tree {Euonymus europatis L.). The bud-scales are 

 green, with pinkish margins and tips. 



[b] Twigs slender ; grey, brownish-grey, or brown ; all buds small 



and similar in size, including the terminal ones. 

 * Bud-scales smooth. 

 Buckthorn (Rhamnus catharticus L.). Many of the branches 



