CHIEf MEADOW AND PASTURE GRASSES 553 



(i) Glumes with their backs towards the notch of 



rachis (Fig. 18&). Lolium. 



(ii) Glumes with their edges towards the notch of 

 rachis (Fig. 187). 

 Empty glumes narrow, subulate. Secale. 



Empty glumes broad. (Seep. 550.) Triticum. 



(Seep. 551.) Agropyrum. 

 b. Two or three spikelets at each notch. Elymus. 



RECOGNITION OF THE CHIEF MEADOW AND 

 PASTURE GRASSES BY THEIR LEAVES. 

 GROUP I. 



LEAVES FOLDED IN THE BUD (Fig. l88) : THE SHOOT APPEARS 

 FLATTENED. 

 This feature is readily determined by cutting across the 

 shoot with a sharp knife and examining with a pocket 

 lens. 



The following grasses belong to this group : — 

 Perennial Rye-Grass. 1 Crested Dogstail. 



The Meadow- Grasses. | Sheep's Fescue. 



Cocksfoot. I Hard and Red Fescue. 



I. Base of leaf with claw-llke appendages which clasp 

 the stem more or less (Figs. 186 and 189). 



Fig. iI 



Fig. 190. 



Perennial Rye-Grass {Lolium perenne L. ). This 

 grass is not hairy, and its lower leaf-sheafs just 

 below ground are pink. The ligule is extremely 

 short, and the upper surface of the leaf-blade 

 possesses well-marked longitudinal ribs. 

 The latter are seen best when a leaf is cut across 

 with a sharp knife and the section examined with a lens. 

 2. Base of leaf without claws (Fig. 190). 



a. Leaf-sheaths below ground bright yellow. 



