35 



town or small country village, seem to have any connexion with 

 the protozoal infection. It should be noted, however, that the 

 majority of the cases examined at Leeds are resident in the 

 poorer parts of the city. 



(b) Sheffield. 



From January to May, 1919, I examined the stools of 174 

 civilians at Sheffield. Of these, 117 were adults and 57 children — 

 all inmates of Sheffield Royal Hospital and Royal Infirmary. On 

 investigation it was found that 6 of the adults had been abroad. 

 These have been eliminated from the series, so that the results 

 summarized in the following table were obtained from 168 cases 

 (111 adults, 57 children) who had never left England. Of these 

 cases, 84 adults and 39 children were examined once only— the 

 remainder twice, thrice, or more often (only 5 cases more than 

 3 times). The table corresponds to that given for the Leeds 

 civilians, and shows the percentages of the various protozoa 

 found : 



Total No. of persons examined .... 168 



Percent, infected with : Adults (111). Children (57). 



Entamoeba histolytica . 

 E. coli 



EyidoUmax nana 

 Giardia intestinalis 

 Chilomastix mesnili 



1.8 5.3 



26-1 24.6 



6.3 7.0 



7.2 15-8 



5-4 5.3 



No infections with lodamoeha or Trichomonas were found in 

 this series. 



[It may be noted, however, that several infections with 

 Trichuris were found at both Leeds and Sheffield. The total 

 number of persons found to be passing ova of this worm in their 

 stools was 5, or approximately 1 per cent, of the whole series 

 of 506 persons who had never been abroad.] 



The total number of persons found to be infected with 

 E. histolytica was 5 (2 adults, 3 children). Below are further 

 notes on these positive cases — none of whom had, of course, ever 

 been out of the British Isles. 



Case 1.— Boy of 17. Has never suffered from dysentery or 

 persistent diarrhoea. Residence, Sheffield. Occupation con- 

 nected with grinding stone. Cysts few, diameter 12-13 jx. (Also 

 infected with E. coli and Giardia.) 



Case 2. — Man of 30. Butcher, residing in Sheffield. Has 

 never suffered from dysentery, diarrhoea, or any other intestinal 

 trouble. Cysts few, 12-13 /j. in diameter. (No other protozoa 

 found.) 



Case 3. — Boy of 13, living in Sheffield. Has never suffered 

 from dysentery, but occasionally has slight diarrhoea — never 

 severe. Cysts ca. 12 yu in diameter, few. (Also infected with 

 E. coli and Giardia.) 



Case 4. — Girl of 8, living at Conisborough. Has never been 

 troubled with dysentery or diarrhoea ; but whilst in hospital had 



