BRIEF HISTORY OF BACTERIOLOGY. 



German birth, probably located at Munich at J;?*^"" . 

 .... Discoveries, 



this time. ) 



The bacillus typhosus, the germ of typhoid 

 fever, was discovered by Eberth and Koch, of 

 Germany, in 1880. 



And in that year (1880) came also the dis- 

 covery of the germ of pneumonia. Some 

 writers give the credit (or discredit) for caus- 

 ing this disease to the micro-organism observed 

 by General Sternberg* of the United States 

 Army; others to the diplococcus lanceolatus, 

 discovered by fFrsenkel, of Berlin, who was 

 professor at Halle. Recent investigation has 

 shown that the diplococcus discovered by 

 Fraenkel is probably the sole cause of genuine 

 acute, lobar pneumonia, although other germs, 

 one of which is the "pneumo-bacillus of Fried- 

 lander," are said to be sometimes found asso- 

 ciated with this form of the disease. Several 

 germs are believed to be capable of causing 

 broncho-pneumonia. 



In 1882 the name of Robert Koch* sprang Koch's 

 into fame when he made the greatest of his 



♦Authorities assert that the germ observed by Stern- 

 berg and the diplococcus lanceolatus are probably iden- 

 tical. Fraenkel associated the germ with pneumonia 

 causation; Sternberg apparently did not. 



t Koch, bom' at Klausitiial, Germany, in 1843. Led the 

 German expedition which in 1883 went to Egypt and 

 India to investigate cholera. In 1890 announced a cure 

 for tuberculosis, the power of which experience did not 

 at that time demonstrate. Died at Baden-Baden, Germany, 

 May 28, 1010. 



19 



