BACTERIOLOGY IN A NUTSHELL. 



The Vaccine used in the U. S. Army is 

 tested on at least two of the lower animals 

 before use in man. All aseptic precautions 

 are strictly observed before giving the inocula- 

 tions. These are given subcutaneously in the 

 arms as a rule at the insertion of the deltord 

 muscle. Aseptic precautions are also observed 

 with regard to syringe, needle and vaccine 

 container used in giving the treatment. The 

 method most in use is to give three doses ten 

 days apart. The first dose five hundred million 

 and the second and third one thousand million 

 each. The treatment is given in the evening, 

 so as to lessen reaction. The reaction consists 

 of headache, malaise, and in very severe cases 

 (which are rare) nausea and vomiting, herpes 

 labialis and albuminurea. Even in these severe 

 reactions all such symptoms disappear in forty- 

 eight hours. 



Local reaction is manifested by a redness 

 and tenderness in the area about the site of the 

 puncture and sometimes tenderness in the 

 auxiliary glands. The concensus of opinion 

 seems to be that anti-typhoid inoculations have 

 come to stay and that the success of the treat- 

 ment is assured. Also that the day is not far 

 distant when other serums and bacterins which 

 hitherto have not been so successful will be 

 perfected and their use adopted throughout the 

 whole civilized world. 



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