346 EDWARD S. MORSE ON 



clusters of long coeca, the individual coecum being often slightly bent at its end. In life, 

 a puUing-down movement of the clusters is seen at intervals. The coeca are marked by 

 very symmetrical, closely wound spiral bands in pairs (50 : IS ; 51 : 12) . In the first-named 

 figure, the appearance is given of a portion of the stomachal glands irregularly springing 

 from the stomach ; it will Ije observed that the main branches are very large, as they are 

 in Glottidia (47 : 2) . Schulgin finds a primitive form of stomachal glands in Cistella 

 kowalevskii, the lobules being reduced to eight on a side. He has discovered that when 

 the creatin-e is well fed, the cavities of the lobules are filled with cells converging from 

 the wall and nearly meeting in the center, and that when the animal has been kept in 

 filtered water for several days, or otherwise starved, these cells are shriveled, and that the 

 development of the cells is evidently for the accumulation of nourishment. 



In conclusion, the stomachal glands may be regarded as extensions of the absorl^ent 

 surface of the digestive tract, and are probably hepato-pancreatic in their nature. The 

 facts that they develop as simple folds of the primitive digestive sac, that these diverticula 

 subdivide into numerous branches, that the main branches connecting with the stomach 

 are in some forms nearly as large as the diameter of the stomach itself, that the various 

 coeca are filled with food material and are continually dilating and contracting, all point 

 to the same conclusion. 



Sense Organs. 



Among the most difficult features to make out in Brachiopoda is the nervous system. 

 There are, of course, certain portions of this system which are ahvajs conspicuous, such 

 as the central ganghon of Terebratalia or the oblique nerves in the Lingulidae and the 

 Discinidae, but the ganglia about the oesophageal region and the termination of the 

 smaller branches are certainly difficult to define. With staining and section cutting the 

 work apparently becomes simplified. As an illustration of the obscurity of these parts, 

 I may confess that, with all my studies of living Terebratulina, even the faintest trace of 

 a nerve has never revealed itself to me. This fact is mentioned as an apology for the 

 very meagre results to be presented. 



The otocysts in mature Limjala Iqylduld and anatind, I was fortunate to make known 

 first in a Inief communication to the Boston society of natural history in 1877, after- 

 wards pubhshed in the American journal of science and arts. In the Lingulidae and 

 the Dlficlnidae, a most casual examination of the coelomic cavity reveals the presence of 

 a nerve running along the lateral walls of this cavity and terminating posteriorly. An 

 examination of this nerve reveals at least the medullary sheath and ueuraxis. In 



