411. 
illa. 
112. 
298 SYSTEMATIC SYNOPSIS. — PASSERES — OSCINES. 
A yellow spot in front of the eye and nowhere else % So ‘ 4 i . . « nigrescens 116 
A white spot at base of primaries (almost never wanting) . . . 3: » . cerulescens 117 
Throat definitely yellow, belly white, back with no greenish . . donna or gracie 129, 130, or 128 
Rump, sides of breast, crown and throat, more or less yellow . . : « « « a@uduboni 120 
Bill extremely acute, perceptibly curved ; rump (generally) yellow . . oi poe . tigrina 126 
Rump, sides of breast, and crown more or less yellow ; throat white ..... Cas . eoronata 119 
Wing-bars white, tail-spots oblique, at end of two outer feathers only . Coe AOS - . « «pinus 184 
Tail-spots at middle of nearly all the feathers, ramp and belly yellow . ti a . maculosa 125 
Wing-bars brownish, tail-spots square, at end of two outer feathersonly. . 2. 4 « palmarum 182, 138 
Wing-bars not very conspicuous, whole under parts yellow, back with no greenish . . . kirtlandi 131 
Tail-spots at end of nearly all the feathers, and no definite yellow anywhere. . . . . « carulea 118 
Throat, breast, and sides black or with black traces, sides of head with diffuse yellow, outer tail-feather 
white-edged externally . ‘ virens and its western allies 112, 113, 114, 115 
Throat yellow or orange, crown with at least a trace of a central yellow or orange spot, and outer tail- 
feather white-edged externally ‘ Goa” Nay tak GR Cae ig 8 blackburn 121 
Bill ordinary ; and with none of the foregoing special marks » ee ss « Striata or castanea 122 or 123 
D. esti'va. (Lat. e@stiva, summery; estas, summer.) SUMMER WaRBLER. SumMMER YEL- 
LOW-BIRD. BLUE-EYED YELLOW WARBLER. GOLDEN WARBLER. 4, adult: Golden- 
yellow; the back with a greenish tinge resulting in rich yellow-olive, the rump more yellow- 
ish; the middle of the back sometimes obsoletely streaked with darker. Crown like the under 
parts, in high plumage’ often tinged with orange-brown. Breast and sides, and sometimes 
most of the under parts, streaked with orange-brown. Quills and tail-feathers dusky, edged on 
both webs with yellow, the yellow occupying most of the inner webs of the tail-feathers. Bill 
plumbeous. Feet pale brown. Length 4.75-5.00; extent 7.50-7.75 ; wing 2.50; tail 2.00. 
@, adult: Yellow-olive of upper parts extending on the crown; streaks below obsolete or 
entirely wanting. General coloration paler. Young: Like the 9, but still duller colored. 
Upper parts, including crown, pale olive, with an ochrey instead of clear yellow shade; 
below ochrey-white or dull pale yellowish. Edgings of wings and tail dull yellowish. North 
America, everywhere in woodland, gardens, orchards, parks, and even city streets, a beautiful, 
abundant, and familiar little bird. Nests throughout its range, in fruit or shade trees, shrub- 
bery and brushwood, building a neat, compact, and durable nest of soft vegetable and animal 
substances felted together; eggs commonly 4-5, from 0.64 to 0.69 x 0.48 to 0.53, grayish- or 
greenish-white, variously dotted and blotched with reddish-brown and lilac shades. The color 
of this precious gem makes a pretty spot as it flits through the verdure of the forest or plays 
amidst the rose-tinted blossoms of the fruit-orchard ; and its sprightly song is one of the most 
familiar sounds of bird-life during the season when the year renews its youth. 
D. vieil'loti bry/anti. (To L. P. Vieillot. To Dr. Henry Bryant.) CHestTnuT-HEADED 
GOLDEN WaRBLER. Belonging to the ‘‘ golden warbler” group of the genus, and resembling 
D. estiva in general characters. Dusky predominating over yellow on the tail-feathers ; 
tarsus about 0.72. 4, adult: Whole head chestnut, well defined all around against the 
yellow ; edging of wing-coverts slight; rufous streaks of breast and sides few and narrow. 
The continental D. vietlloti, as described by Cassin in 1860, would appear to be well dis- 
tinguished among its immediate insular allies by the rufous hood which envelopes the head, 
but to be very questionably divisible into the several forms noted by Ridgway in 1874. That 
here given is described as the Mexican race, lately ascertained to occur at La Paz, Lower 
California. The 9 is said to be indistinguishable from that of others of the golden warbler 
group. The extra-limital forms are all said to differ from the N. Am. D. estiva in having 
longer tarsi and less yellow on the tail-feathers. (Not in the Check List, 1882. See Hist. 
N. A. Birds, i, 1874, p. 217, and Pr. U. 8. Nat. Mus., iv, 1882, p. 414.) 
D. vir‘ens. (Lat. virens, growing green. Fig. 160.) BLACK-THROATED GREEN WARBLER. 
&,in spring: Back and crown clear yellow-olive; forehead, superciliary line, and whole sides 
of head rich yellow (in very high plumage, middle of back with dusky marks, and dusky or dark 
olive lines through eyes and auriculars, and even bordering the crown); chin, throat, and 
