118. 
119. 
SYLVICOLIDZE — SYLVICOLINZE: TRUE WARBLERS. 801 
olivaceous, and the black interrupted and restricted. @ entirely different: Dull olive-greenish, 
with faint bluish shade, below pale soiled yellowish ; but recognizable by the white spot at base 
of primaries, which, though it may be reduced to a mere speck, is nearly always evident, at 
least on pushing aside the primary coverts; no other wing-markings; tail-blotches small or 
obscure ; feet rather pale. Size of virens. Eastern U. S., abundant, in woodland, its range 
clésely coincident with that of virens. Tt is, however, rather a bird of brake and burn 
than of high woods, at least in summer ; and nests in bushes, close to the ground. Eggs not 
peculiar. A beautiful bird, the g with black, white and blue in masses, thus resembling no 
other, and the olive-colored ? as different as possible from her mate. 
D. ceru'lea, (Lat. cerwleus, cerulean, sky-blue.) CERULEAN WARBLER. AzuRE WarR- 
BLER. ¢, adult: Entire upper parts sky-blue, the middle of the back streaked with black ; the 
crown usually richer and also with dark markings. Below, pure white, streaked across the 
breast and along the sides with dusky-blue— the breast-streaks inclining to form a short bar, 
sometimes interrupted in the middle. Auriculars dusky; edges of eyelids and superciliary line 
white. Wings blackish, much edged externally with the color of the back, the inner webs of 
all the quills, the outer webs of the inner secondaries, and two broad bars across the tips of the 
greater and median coverts, white. Tail black, with much exterior edging of the color of the 
back, all the feathers, except the middle pair, with small, white, subterminal spots on the inner 
webs. Length 4.00-4.50; wing 2.66; tail 2.00 or less. 9, adult: Quite different. Upper 
parts dull greenish, with more or less grayish-blue shade, the greenish brightest and purest on 
the crown. Eyelids, line over eye, and entire under parts, whitish, more or less strongly over- 
east with dull greenish-yellow. Wings and tail dusky, the exterior edgings of the color of the 
back ; the bars, spots, and interior edgings white, as in the g. The female is curiously sim- 
ilar to the same sex of D. cerulescens, but in the latter the tail-spots are different ; there are no 
white wing-bars, but instead there is a small whitish spot at the base of the outer primaries. 
The autumnal plumage of the adults is said to differ in no wise from that of the spring. Young 
males are much like the adult females, but less uniformly greenish-blue above and purer white 
below, with evident blackish stripes on the interscapulars and sides of the head. The young 
female resembles the adult of that sex, but is still greener above, with little or no blue, and quite 
buffy-yellowish below. When in full dress this is a perfect little beauty, there being something 
peculiarly tasteful and artistic in the simple coutrast of the snowy-white with the delicate azure- 
blue, without any ‘‘ warm” color. ‘Eastern U. S., rarely north to New England; west some- 
times to the Rocky Mts. in the latitude of Colorado. One of the rarer species. Nest small 
and neat, in fork of a bough 20-50 feet from the ground; eggs 4, -creamy-white, heavily 
blotched with reddish-brown, 0.60 x 0.47. 
D. corona’ta. (Lat. coronata, crowned; corona, a crown. Fig. 165.) YELLOW-RUMPED 
WaRBLER. YELLOW-CROWNED WARBLER. Myrtie Birp. 4g, in spring: Slaty-blue, 
streaked with black; below, white, breast and sides mostly 
black, belly, and especially throat, pure white, immaculate ; 
rump, central crown-patch, and sides of breast, sharply yellow, 
there being thus fowr definite yellow places; sides of head 
black; eyelids and superciliary line white; ordinary white 
wing-bars and tail-blotches; bill and feet black. @ in winter, 
and @ in summer, similar, but slate-color less pure, or quite 
brownish; young birds are quite brown above, with a few 
obscure streaks in the whitish of the under parts. It is im- 
possible to specify the endless intermediate styles; but I never _ Fic. 165.—Yellow-rumped War- 
saw a specimen without the yellow rump, and at least a trace Ee ae eee 
of the other yellow marks; these points therefore are diagnostic. (The only other obscure- 
looking brownish warblers with yellow rump are maculosa and tigrina, when young. Resem- 
