217. 
381. 
CHARADRIDA: CHARADRIINA: PLOVER. 599 
- 
, 
the shell, with irregular blotches of brownish-black, smaller spots being more-thinly distributed 
over the rest of the surface; the markings about the great end usually confluent and wreathy ; 
a few pale markings in the 
shell. : 
CHARA!DRIUS. (Gr. 
xapadpros, charadrios, Lat. 
charadrius, a plover.) 
GoLDEN PLovers. Char- 
acters as in Squatarola, 
but no hind toe. (This 
is the type-genus of the 
wholefamily. The several 
species are closely related : 
to our long known golden 
plover have lately been 
added as birds of N. A. 
both the European species 
and the Asiatic variety ; 
the former from its oceur- 
rence in Greenland, the Fig. 417. — Black-bellied Plover, in summer, reduced. (From Lewis.) 
latter in Alaska. U. S. birds are all C. dominicus, — the C. virginicus of most authors.) 
Analysis of Species, 
Lining of wings ashy. 
Length 10.00-11.00 ; wing 7.00; tail3.00; tarsus1.75 . . . 1... 1. + 1... -dominicus 581 
Length 9.00-10.00; wing 6.50; tail 2.50; tarsus1.60.... . . Se % see ww + fulwus 582 
Lining of wings white... .... c . Bh Ow | pluvialis 583 
C. domi/nicus. (Lat. dominicus, of St. Dorian, “Fig. 418.) ‘Manna GOLDEN PLOVER. 
FIELD PLOVER. BULL-HEAD PLOVER. BULL-HEAD. ¢ Q, in summer: Upper parts black, 
everywhere speckled with golden-yellow, and mostly also with white, the brighter color in excess. 
The markings of individual feathers are a tipping and one or several paired scallops. Hind neck 
less strongly marked than crown or back. ‘Forehead, and long stripe over eye snowy-white. 
Region immediately around bill, sides of head to include eyes, and entire under parts, glossy 
brownish-black. Lining of wings, and axil- 
lars, sooty-gray or ashy. Tail dusky grayish- 
brown, with numerous irregular pale gray bars, 
and reddish-brown shafts; upper tail-coverts 
and rump like back. Primaries fuscous, black- 
ening at tips and whitening at bases of inner 
webs, though without definite white spaces ; 
shafts white for a space. Secondaries and 
many of the coverts, like the primaries, plain 
fuscous, without the golden and white fretwork 
of the back. Bill and feet black. Length 
10.00-11.00; extent 22.50; wing 7.00; tail 
3.00; bill 0.90; tibie bare 1.00; tarsus 1.75; 
middle toe and claw 1.20. @ 9, in winter, 
and young, much alike, very different from the 
Fig. 418.— Golden Plover, in fall or winter, reducea, DTeeding dress: Upper parts much as before, 
(From Nuttall,after —?) but colors not so pure and intense; and spot- 
ting mostly golden, with little white if any. Front and line over eye not purely white, but 
tawny, with dusky streaks. Tail lacking transverse bars, the feathers being dark grayish- 
