252 EVOLUTION AND PSYCHOLOGY 



herits as much from our venerable, brute for- 

 bears as does the body. The rudiments are as 

 numerous and, to those who can rightly interpret 

 them, as significant. From the higher anthro- 

 poids, we need to go down the evolutionary stage 

 but a little way to span an interval quite as great 

 as that separating even the existing great apes 

 from the lowest savages. 



But Darwin's method is always and every- 

 where objective and observational, never sub- 

 jective or introspective. (Few who have ever 

 written about the mind of man know or say so 

 httle about consciousness, which has spun its 

 Merlin spell of enchantment about our craft and 

 all its works and ways. His language is the con- 

 crete facts of life and mind, and not the categories 

 and intuitions that an ingrowing intellect loves 

 to manipulate. ^jThe brute soul explains that of 

 man, rather more than man explains the brute; 

 the unconscious explains the conscious and not 

 conversely. He posits a natural history rather 

 than a philosophy of mind. As Steinthal said 

 language could be studied only historically — 

 " Sie ist was sie geworden " — so for Darwin the 

 true, ultimate knowledge of our psyche is the de- 

 scription of all developmental stages from the 

 amoeba up; and those move most surely among 

 the altitudes who have most carefully explored 

 the depths in which the highest human powers 

 originate. Emotions are best studied in their 

 outward expressions in gesture, will is investi- 



