EVOLUTION AND PSYCHOLOGY 257 



genesic instinct into secondary sex quaKties are 

 the same for brute and man. The more we know 

 of this instinct the more orderly and unbroken 

 becomes the progression upward and the closer 

 the parallel. Even the differences are more and 

 more exphcable. The same is true of the care 

 of the young, where the basal phenomena are 

 common to all the higher mammals, and some of 

 them to all viviparous creatures. Again, the cor- 

 respondences between adolescence and senescence 

 are, in some cardinal points, strangely comple- 

 mentary. Here, too, should be mentioned the 

 striking morphological, pathological, and psychic 

 indications from the study of childhood that 

 puberty once came much earlier in our forbears, 

 the autogenetic inferences in this direction, how- 

 ever, being as yet too slightly supported by phy- 

 letic facts, on account of the necessary imperfec- 

 tions of the record. Perhaps best of all as an il- 

 lustration is the new psychology of crime and 

 criminals, who are so shot through, body and 

 soul, with atavisms that only the early history of 

 the race can explain them. 



Again, if we eliminate from the later studies 

 of mental diseases, all the evolutionary elements 

 and suggestions, they would be robbed of no ht- 

 tle value. I refer especially to psychasthenic and 

 dissolutive states, to certain of the phobias, fuges, 

 imperative ideas, to various eruptive or fulminat- 

 ing phenomena and psycholeptic crises, and to the 

 formation of the more or less subconscious con- 



