358 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA 
pointed out, a map was prepared showing the exact distribution of malaria 
in the city, and photographs were made showing the character of the breeding- 
places of the malaria mosquito. It is probable that these Worcester efforts to 
interest the school children were the first made in this direction, although the 
idea was carried out to a much greater extent later in San Antonio, Texas, under 
Doctor Lankford, as will be pointed out on subsequent pages. Other work, 
during the summer, was carried on at Pine Orchard and Ansonia, Connecticut ; 
at Old Orchard Beach, in Maine; and on the campus of the Michigan Agri- 
cultural College, in Michigan. Strong efforts were made during the summer 
to start work at Baltimore, but for a time the City Council refused to make 
appropriations. At Atlanta, Ga., the Sanitary Department used a large amount 
of kerosene in the stagnant pools and swampy places around the city, and warned 
the citizens to watch their rain barrels and keep their gutters open. A great 
many pools of water were drained, and in the negro quarters of the city the 
sanitary inspectors were constantly on the lookout for standing water in buckets 
and other chance receptacles. The matter was taken up with the County Com- 
missioners and the area of preventive measures was extended toward the close 
of the season. In Savannah some work was done and the number of mosquitoes 
reduced very considerably. Oil was used diligently by the sewer-cleaning forces 
and was placed in the catch-basins. So great was the relief that many people in 
Savannah for the first time used no mosquito-bars. At Talladega, Alabama, 
under the direction of Doctor B. B. Simms, anti-mosquito work was commenced 
early in the season and was carried out systematically and thoroughly. No place 
that could possibly prove a breeding-place was overlooked. The application of 
kerosene was repeated several times during the year. St. Louis took up the work 
early in July, and the Municipal Assembly made an appropriation for supplies. 
The Health Department, however, was hampered for lack of men and little 
work was done. 
Such were the early steps in the mosquito crusade in this country. Many other 
communities have taken up the work since 1902. Some, through inefficient 
work, have allowed their efforts to lapse, and have become more or less indiffer- 
ent. Others have gone ahead and have spent considerable sums of money in 
their mosquito fight. 
In the early days of mosquito warfare there was great indifference combined 
with incredulity as to the danger from mosquitoes, even among the medical 
profession, and particularly in the South. This indifference and incredulity, 
however, have now, for the most part, passed away. Boards of health very 
generally appreciate the desirability of anti-mosquito work, and as rapidly as 
town councils can be induced to appropriate the necessary funds, the work is 
going ahead. 
Excellent anti-mosquito work, backed by rather modest funds, has been 
carried on during the past few years in Honolulu, under the direction of the then 
Entomologist of the Hawaiian Agricultural Experiment Station, Doctor D. L. 
Van Dine. In Porto Rico some work is being done, as well as in the Philippines, 
under the United States government. In Cuba and in Panama the work has 
