JAPANESE ARMY WORK 437 
on the advice of Doctor Koike, Surgeon-General, as shown in following quota- 
tion. This account of the experiment is taken from an address by Dr. K. 
Tamura, Delegate from Japan to the Eleventh Annual Meeting of the Military 
Surgeons of the United States Army, June 7, 1902: 
_ “Half the second company, first battalion of infantry at Kirun, Formosa, 115 
in number, was employed from the day of their landing at Kirun, and we gave 
it the name of ‘ Protected troops” This troop was thoroughly provided with 
means of protection from mosquito bites. They were confined in the casern 
from half an hour before sunset, to half an hour after sunrise, the casern having 
been specially made to prevent mosquitoes entering, and they wore gloves and 
coverings of the head, specially made for that purpose, when on service at night. 
“The results of these new methods for the prevention of malaria were abso- 
lutely good. Another half of the second company (called by us comparison 
troop) and all the other companies of the battalion (called by us unprotected 
troop) had a great many malaria patients, but the protected troop had none. 
“The table of the numbers of patients is as follows: 
Average, | Number of | Ratio of 
number of umber o io o 
men patients patients 
Per cent 
Protected troop...... 114.49 0 0 
Comparison troop.... 104.34 34 82.59 
Unprotected troop.... 646.36 285 44.09 
“The experiment of Grassi in Italy shows that 5 cases of malaria were ob- 
served among 112 persons, and Celli observed 11 cases in 203 persons, but our 
case shows none in 114 persons. 
“The news spread rapidly in the whole island and all the troops despatched 
there became very cautious regarding. the bites of mosquitoes. c 
itself gave good results, and the number of patients and deaths decreased dis- 
tinctly last year, compared with the preceding years. 
This caution 
Number of | Number of Ratio of Ratio of 
patients deaths patients death 
Per cent Per cent 
From 1897 to 1900, average. 34,043 27,325 242.514 1.947 
MOOV issri scars aerseu seg Oe geo 22,438 14,500 173.211 1.149 
“ Now it is very clear that the prevention of Malaria is secured by guarding 
against mosquitoes, and we believe that Formosa will become a healthy island 
within a few years.” 
In the recent war between Russia and Japan, the Japanese gave the world an 
example of field sanitation hitherto unequaled in history, a vivid account of 
which will be found in an article “ The Real Triumph of Japan,” by Dr. Louis 
Livingston Seaman, formerly Surgeon-Major, U. S. Volunteers (New York, 
1906), from which the following facts are drawn: 
Longmore’s tables, based on the records of the battles of the last 200 years, 
show that there has rarely been a conflict of any long duration in which there 
