SPORT AND SCIENCE ON THE 
I had returned from a long and tiring hunt, passed 
within a few yards of the house in which we were 
quartered. I hurried out in my slippers and fired 
at the last wolf as it crossed a low ridge. Thinking 
that I had missed him, I returned to camp. That 
night the five remaining wolves attacked a sheep- 
fold further up the valley, killing eight sheep. 
My traps were fairly successful, some seven 
species of rodents being secured. 
The heavy timber in this district consists chiefly 
of spruce and larch, with a sprinkling of pines. 
The forests are even more extensive than those 
of the Chiao-ch’éng Shan further south, which were 
explored on the Clark Expedition. Owing to 
greater facilities in transporting the logs, this 
district is being more rapidly deforested. 
Besides the conifers already mentioned, exten- 
sive patches of scrub-oak, hazel and birch exist, 
the last being a free peeling variety, fromthe bark 
of which the natives manufacture household 
utensils and mats. 
It being winter, we were unable to gather much 
idea of the rest of the flora of this district, but on 
a subsequent visit in the autumn of 1911 I was 
able to observe much more in this line. I then 
discovered many interesting wild berries, which 
are dealt with in the botanical notes at the end 
of this volume. 
The mountains here are very high and are 
mainly of archaic formations. The highest peak, 
52. 
