34 MANUAL OF FRUIT DISEASES 
The prevention of stippen in transit or in storage is relatively 
simple. Shipments should be made under cool conditions. 
The temperatures must be low (30 to 32 degrees Fahr.) and 
constant. In storage the same uniform, low temperatures 
must be provided. It has been shown conclusively that the 
development of stippen may be prevented by storing the 
apples at 30 to 32 degrees Fahr. under dry air conditions. 
The ordinary cellar or cool storage is not reliable. An increase 
in the temperature to 34 degrees Fahr. allows the disease 
to develop. The storage room should be properly ventilated ; 
good ventilation in conjunction with refrigeration is of prime 
importance for successful storage of fruit. 
It is thus evident that those practices which tend to a uni- 
form, normal growth throughout the season, with fewest 
sudden stimulations or checks on growth, are, in the long run, 
most inimical to bitter-pit. 
REFERENCES 
McAlpine, D. Bitter pit investigation. The past history and present 
position of the bitter pit question. First progress report, pp. 5-197. 
1911-12. (Extended bibliography.) 
McAlpine, D. Bitter pit investigation. The cause of bitter pit: 
its contributing factors, together with an investigation of sus- 
ceptibility and immunity in apple varieties. Second progress 
report, pp. 5-224. 1912-13. 
McAlpine, D. Bitter pit investigation. The control of bitter pit 
in the growing fruit. Third progress report, pp. 5-176. 1913-14. 
McAlpine, D. Bitter pit investigation. The experimental results 
in their relation to bitter pit and a general summary of the investi- 
gation. Fourth report, pp. 5-178. 1914-15. 
Whetzel, H. H. Baldwin spot or stippen. New York State Fruit 
Growers Assoc. Proc. 11: 28-34. 1912. 
Evans, I. B. Pole. Bitter pit of the apple. Transvaal Agr. Dept. 
Tech. bul. 1: 3-18. 1909. 
Jackson, H. 8S. Diseases of pomaceous fruits. Fruit pit. Oregon 
Crop Pest and Hort. Bienn. rept. 1911-1912 : 234-236. 1913. 
Brooks, Charles. Some apple diseases and their treatment. Bitter 
pit. New Hampshire Agr. Exp. Sta. Bul. 157:13-15. 1912. 
