58 MANUAL OF FRUIT DISEASES 
but slightly less susceptible are Smith Cider, Maiden Blush and 
others. The York Imperial, Winesap, Grimes and Jonathan 
are only slightly injured by blotch. In the East, blotch is rarely 
destructive and has never been reported from northeastern 
United States. 
Apple-blotch, also known as the star-fungus, fruit-blotch, 
cancer, leaf-spot, and incorrectly as black-scab and late-scab, 
first attracted attention from Maryland and Texas in 1897. 
A few years later the same disease was reported from Illinois 
and in 1903 it was of serious extent in Missouri. It is said that 
the pathogene invaded Kansas about 1905. 
Symptoms. 
The disease first shows on the fruit (Fig. 14) about six or 
eight weeks after the blossoms fall. It is then evidenced by a 
very small, in- 
conspicuous light- 
brown speck, 
which under slight 
magnification has 
the appearance of 
astellate collection 
of brown fibers just 
beneath the epi- 
dermis. The spots 
Fic. 14. — Apple-blotch, early stage. enlarge radially, 
attaining a diam- 
eter of about one-fourth of an inch, and becoming darker 
in color. The advancing margin is irregular and has a 
fringed appearance (Fig. 14). The lesions show some inter- 
esting variations with varieties. Certain spots may or 
may not show a fringed margin, and may first be noticed 
as a dark, slightly sunken area. Not infrequently, the first 
indication of blotch is in the form of dark-brown, irregular, 
umbonate elevations. Such a condition occurs on the Ben 
