APPLE DISEASES 137 
Control. 
Spraying to kill the sclerotia is the only known remedial 
measure. Special fungicides and special applications are not 
regarded as necessary. Bordeaux mixture applied before the 
buds open, and again before the blossoms open, is recommended. 
REFERENCES 
Stevens, F. L., and Hall, J. G. Hypochnose of pomaceous fruits. 
North Carolina Agr. Exp. Sta. Rept. 32: 76-85. 1909. (See also 
Ann. Mye. 7: 49-59. 1909.) 
Smith, R. I., and Stevens, F. L. Insect and fungous diseases of apple 
and pear. Hypochnose. North Carolina Agr. Exp. Sta. Bul. 
206: 90-94. 1910. 
JONATHAN-SPOT 
Cause not definitely determined 
A number of different varieties of apples commonly show this 
peculiar spotting of the fruit. The Jonathan, Esopus, Wealthy, 
Ortley, Wolf River and some other varieties are severely affected ; 
the disease has been noted on several other kinds, including the 
Nero, Smokehouse, Newtown Pippin, Yellow Newtown, Grimes, 
Arkansas Black, Peter, Hibernal and Patten. The common 
occurrence of this disease on the Jonathan has given rise to the 
name Jonathan-spot. In Minnesota the growers call what 
appears to be this disease the Wealthy-spot. Apple orchardists 
generally hold to the opinion that thin-skinned varieties are 
most susceptible. 
There is no evidence that the Jonathan-spot occurs outside 
of the United States. Attention was called to the disease in 
Virginia and West Virginia in 1911. It has been under observa- 
tion in New Jersey since 1912; in that state it is a very trouble- 
some storage disease. The growers of the Jonathan and Esopus 
varieties in Washington and Oregon have been the heaviest 
losers on account of this fruit-spot. It develops both in storage 
